Chapter 1 pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

physiology and philosophy,

explored questions about ______________ and _________

A

consciousness

perception

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2
Q

__________ and __________,

explored questions about consciousness and perception

A

physiology

philosophy

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3
Q

Philosophers are interested in the __________ __________

A

existential questions

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4
Q

_____________ are interested in the existential questions

A

philosophers

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5
Q

Who campaigned to make psychology an independent discipline?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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6
Q

Wilhelm Wundt campaigned to make psychology an ____________ ____________.

A

independent discipline

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7
Q

Who established the first laboratory for the study of psychology in 1879

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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8
Q

Wilhelm Wundt established the first _________ for the study of _________ in 1879

A

laboratory

psychology

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9
Q

Wilhelm Wundt established the first laboratory for the study of psychology in _____.

A

1879

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10
Q

Who defined psychology as the scientific study of conscious experience?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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11
Q

Wilhelm Wundt defined psychology as?

A

the scientific study of conscious experience

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12
Q

What is consciousness?

A

the awareness of immediate experience

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13
Q

Wilhelm Wundt studied ___________ and __________

A

sensation

perception

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14
Q

Who was one of the forerunners of structuralism?

A

Edward Titchener

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15
Q

Edward Titchener believed ___________ was composed of many ________ elements

A

consciousness

discreet

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16
Q

__________ ________, - believed consciousness was composed of many discreet elements

A

Edward Titchener

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17
Q

Whose research was focused on identifying each component? What stage of psychology?

A

Edward Titchener

Structuralism

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18
Q

Who studied sensation and perception? What stage os psychology?

A

Edward Titchner

Structuralism

19
Q

What is structuralism?

A

based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related

20
Q

Who was one of the forerunners of functionalism?

A

William James

21
Q

William James believed psychology should focus on the ________ or ________ of consciousness (applied perspective)

A
function 
purpose
22
Q

functionalism argued for the ““_______ of consciousness”

A

stream

23
Q

___________ argued for the “stream of consciousness”

A

functionalism

24
Q

What sort of things did functionalism study?

A

development, education, gender differences, mental testing

25
Q

What stage of psychology was the first area where women were allowed into psychology?

A

functionalism

26
Q

Who developed the idea of psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

27
Q

Sigmund Freud desired to __________ and treat ________ ________

A

diagnose

mental disorders

28
Q

Who and what stage of psychoanalysis developed the concept of “unconscious”?

A

Sigmund Frued

psychoanalysis

29
Q

What is a “Freudian slip”?

A

our unconscious desires can come out in inopportune times

Our true feelings

30
Q

Sigmund Freud was originally an Austrian ___________

A

neurologist

31
Q

Sigmund Freud proposed that behavior is greatly influenced by how people cope with their ______ urges

A

sexual

32
Q

Why Freud’s ideas caused controversy?

A

He emphasized sexuality and suggested that people are not masters of their own minds.

33
Q

Who were the two forerunners of behaviorism?

A

(1) John B Watson

(2) B.F. Skinner

34
Q

Who believed in the study of observable behavior (i.e., overt response or activity)? What stage of psychology?

A

John B Watson

, Behaviorism

35
Q

John B Watson abandoned study of _____________, mental events are “_________ _______”

A

consciousness

“private events”

36
Q

John B Watson started the beginning of ________ research in psychology

A

animal

37
Q

Who started the trend of animal research in psychology?

A

John B Watson

38
Q

Who said behavior is governed by environment, “we are born as blank slates”?

A

John B Watson

39
Q

John B Watson stated that behavior is governed by ___________, “we are born as _______ ______”

A

environment

blank slates

40
Q

B.F. Skinner said ____________ __________ should be studied and are sufficient to understand behavior

A

observable responses

41
Q

Who said observable responses should be studied and are sufficient to understand behavior?

A

B.F. Skinner

42
Q

B.F. Skinner believed behaviors are driven by ______________

A

consequences

43
Q

According to B.F. Skinner __________ factors shape behavior entirely, _____ _____ is an illusion

A

environmental

free will

44
Q

according to B.F. Skinner, organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to ________ outcomes, and they tend not to repeat responses that lead to________ or ________ outcomes

A

positive
neutral
negative