Chapter 11 pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dog people had slightly higher scores on what factors of the five-factor model of personality?

A
  • extraversion
  • agreeableness
  • conscientiousness
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2
Q

Cat people had slightly higher scores on what factors of the five-factor model of personality?

A
  • neuroticism

- openness

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3
Q

psychodynamic theories-> descend from ________ ______’s work

A

Sigmund Freud

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4
Q

____________ theories-> descend from Sigmund Freud’s work

A

psychodynamic

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5
Q

Psychoanalytic theories= years of data + ____________

A

psychoanalysis

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6
Q

Psychoanalytic theories= years of _____ + psychoanalysis

A

data

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7
Q

____________ theories= years of data + psychoanalysis

A

Psychoanalytic

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8
Q

____________ theories attempts to explain personality, motivation, and psychological disorders.

A

Psychoanalytic

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9
Q

Psychoanalytic theories attempts to explain __________, ________, and ____________ _________.

A

personality
motivation
psychological disorders

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10
Q

Psychoanalytic Theories focused on the __________.

A

unconscious

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11
Q

According to Sigmund Freud what are the three main structures of personality?

A
  1. id
  2. ego
  3. superego
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12
Q

What is the difference between id, ego, and superego?

A

id: instictive, primitive personaltiy component
ego: the decision-making component
superego: the moral component, incorporates social standards with morality

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13
Q

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: operates using pleasure principle, which demands immediate satisfaction of urges?

A

id

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14
Q

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: operates using the reality principle, process that delays gratification of id (i.e., the self-control component)?

A

ego

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15
Q

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: like the ego, the superego operates at all three levels of awareness?

A

superego

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16
Q

What is behavior according Freud’s structure of personality?

A

behavior is the outcome of these three “battling”

17
Q

Explain the conflict between the three components of Freud’s structure of personality.

A

id: gratify urges immediately
ego: holds urges in check w/reality
superego: holds urges in check w/ morality

18
Q

These conflicts [between structures of personality] lead to _______, which causes the ego to construct _________ ____________, exercises in self-deception, as protection

A

anxiety

defense mechanisms

19
Q

What are Freud’s levels of Awareness?

A
  1. Conscious
  2. Preconscious
  3. Unconscious
20
Q

Which level of consciousness is this: fully aware, includes processes induced from external (sensory) and internal (thoughts) sources?

A

Conscious

21
Q

Which level of consciousness is this: material just under the surface, retrievable?

A

Preconscious

22
Q

Which level of consciousness is this: thoughts, memories, desires well under conscious awareness, BUT are able to influence conscious behavior?

A

Unconscious

23
Q

What are the ego’s defense mechanisms?

A
  1. repression
  2. projection
  3. displacement
  4. reaction formation
  5. regression
  6. rationalization
  7. identification
  8. sublimation
24
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious

A

repression

25
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a traumatized soldier has no recollection of the details of a close brush with death

A

repression

26
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: attributing one’s own thoughts, feelings or motives to another

A

projection

27
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a woman who dislikes her boss thinks she likes her boss but feels that the boss doesn’t like her

A

projection

28
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: diverting emotional feelings (usually anger) from their original source to a substitute target

A

displacement

29
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: after a parental scolding, a young girl takes her anger out on her little brother

A

displacement

30
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: behaving in a way that is exactly the opposite of one’s true feelings

A

reaction formation

31
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a parent who unconsciously resents a child spoils the child with outlandish gifts

A

reaction formation

32
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a reversion to immature patterns of behavior

A

regression

33
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: an adult has a temper tantrum when he doesn’t get his way

A

regression

34
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behavior

A

rationalization

35
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a student watches TV instead of studying, saying that “additional study wouldn’t do any good anyway

A

rationalization

36
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group

A

identification

37
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: an insecure young man joins a fraternity to boost his self-esteem

A

identification

38
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: channeling unconscious, unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable or admirable activities

A

sublimation

39
Q

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a person obsesses with sex becomes a sex therapist and helps others with their sexual problems

A

sublimation