Exam #2 Short Answer pt. 2

Question 1

What are the three main stages of prenatal period?

Answer 1

1. germinal
2. embryonic
3. fetal

Question 2

The _________ stage occurs from 0 to 2 weeks.

Answer 2

germinal

Question 3

The germinal stage occurs from __ to __ weeks.

Answer 3

0

2

Question 4

The embryonic stage occurs from __ weeks to __ months.

Answer 4

2

2

Question 5

The _________ stage occurs from 2 weeks to 2 months.

Answer 5

embryonic

Question 6

The ______ stage occurs from 2 months to birth.

Answer 6

fetal

Question 7

The fetal stage occurs from __ months to birth.

Answer 7

2

Question 8

What organs are formed during the germinal stage?

Answer 8

• initially formed cell begins to rapidly divide and multiply
• zygote migrates to uterus and implants on wall
• placenta is formed

Question 9

What organs are formed during the embryonic stage?

Answer 9

• most of vital organs (heart, spine, brain) form

- embryo at about 2 weeks, neural tube just formed

Question 10

What organs are formed during the fetal stage?

Answer 10

• muscles and bones develop
• sex organs develop in the 3rd month
• auditory system (peripheral) developed around 6 mo.
• neural development continues

Question 11

What is the age of viability?

Answer 11

the point in which a baby can live outside of the womb

Question 12

The age of viability occurs from __ to __ weeks

Answer 12

23

26

Question 13

• 23 weeks ___% survival, if born prematurely

- 26 weeks 75% survival, if born prematurely

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

• 23 weeks 50% survival, if born prematurely

- ___ weeks 75% survival, if born prematurely

Answer 14

26

Question 15

• ___ weeks 50% survival, if born prematurely

- 26 weeks 75% survival, if born prematurely

Answer 15

23

Question 16

• 23 weeks 50% survival, if born prematurely

- 26 weeks ___% survival, if born prematurely

Answer 16

75%

Question 17

What is attachment?

Answer 17

Close, emotional bond between infants & caregivers

Question 18

What are the 3 main types of attachment theories?

Answer 18

1. secure
2. anxious-ambivalent
3. avoidant

Question 19

Describe secure attachment.

Answer 19

• explore while caregiver is present, upset when she leaves
• Most common
• associated w/curiosity, leadership, resilience

Question 20

Describe Anxious-Ambivalent attachement.

Answer 20

-shows moderate anxiety when caregiver is present, high anxiety when she leaves, moderate when she returns

Question 21

Describe Avoidant attachment.

Answer 21

babies sought little contact with mothers and were not distressed when she left

Question 22

List Piaget’s Stages of Development.

Answer 22

1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational period
3. Concrete operational
4. Formal operational

Question 23

What occurs during Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage?

Answer 23

1. object permanence- the understanding that an object still exists, even though it can’t be seen
2. coordination of sensory input and motor responses; development of object permanence

Question 24

What occurs during Piaget’s Preoperational stage?

Answer 24

1. Centration- the tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem
2. Irreversibility- the inability to envision reversing an action
3. Egocentrism – limited ability to share another’s view point

Question 25

What occurs during Piaget’s Concrete operational stage?

Answer 25

1. Decentration – the ability to focus on more than just one feature of a problem
2. Begin mastery of concrete operations, but struggle with hierarchical classification
3. mental operations applied to concrete events; mastery of conversation, hierarchical classification
4. Decline in egocentrism

Question 26

What occurs during Piaget’s Formal operational stage?

Answer 26

mental operations, applied to abstract ideas; logical, systematic thinking