48. Port Flashcards
What are the key aspects of vinification of port wine?
rapid extraction of color and tannin within 36 hours, followed by fortification; rapid extraction is required because the usual extraction that occurs during fermentation is shortened for port production
What are the characteristics of ruby port?
deeply colored, fruity, bottled ready to drink, sold at less than 3 years old
What are the characteristics of white port?
made from white grapes, golden in color, low in acidity, with some honey and nut aromas, some wood ageing is used to add nutty complexity
Name two grapes used in white port.
Sercial (Esgana Cao) and Malvasia
Name the top 5 black grapes used in Port.
Tinta Roriz, Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinto Cao, Tinta Barroca
What is the beneficio in Port production?
the system used to control production, based on vineyards grades, it is essentially an allotment among the different vineyards
What are the 3 subzones of the Douro Valley used for port production?
Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Duoro Superior
Which subzone of the Douro Valley produces the lightest wines?
Baixo Corgo
Which subzone of the Douro Valley produces the greatest number of top vineyards?
Cima Corgo
Which subzone of the Douro Valley has the highest percentage of flatter vineyards?
Duoro Superior
Which subzone of the Douro Valley is the easiest for mechanization?
Duoro Superior
What are socalcos in Port vineyards?
narrow FLAT TERRACES supported by stone walls
What are patamares in Port vineyards?
made by bulldozers, these wider slightly SLOPING TERRACES supported by banks of shist (not walls) have road access built in,
What are vinha ao alto in Port vineyards?
rows of vines are planted up and down the slope and accessed by roads where mechanization is operated by winches, UNTERRACED
Where is autovinification used?
for production of port wine to enhance extraction similar to pump over without use of electricity
What does autovinification involve?
crushed grapes are placed in sealed vats for fermentation, CO2 forces wine through a pipe over the cap to create better extraction; replaces manual treading in the troughs
What are the lagars used in port production?
granite troughs for manual treading to maximize extraction
What is the relationship of fermentation and fortification in port production?
fortification halts fermentation for production of port
What is the name given to the warehouses in which Port matures?
(shippers’) lodges
When is Port transported to the maturation warehouse?
in the spring following the harvest
Where is Port matured?
in traditional wood casks at the shipper’s lodges
What styles of Port use new wood for maturation?
none
What is the aspect of the vineyards in the Baixo and Cima Corgo?
very steep
What is the soil type of the vineyards in the Baixo and Cima Corgo?
shallow soil over shist bedrock
