5-1 (done perman)

Question 1

CCK and secretin is secreted by what organ

Answer 1

duodenum

Question 2

CCK is released in response to 1

secretin ? 2

CCK and secretin signal for the release of 3

Answer 2

1-fats and proteins

2-stomach acid

3-pancreatic zymogen (inactive enzyme precursor)

Question 3

name pancreatic zymogens (4)

activated by what

Answer 3

Trypsin[ogen] - enteropeptidase

Trypsin activates all below:
Chymotrypsin[ogen]

[Pro]Elastase

[Pro]Carboxy-peptidase A + B

Question 4

AA transport into ENTEROCYTES (in intestine) is linked to what
-two categories

Answer 4

[Na] for single AA

H+ for di and tripeptides

Question 5

protein turnover (replace old/misfolded)

RATE? (g/day)

Answer 5

400 g/day

Question 6

what the dif bt essential and non essential AA

Answer 6

essential has to be obtained thru diet

Question 7

list out your essential AA (there is MN)

Answer 7

Any help in learning these little molecules proves truly valuable

Arginine 
Histidine
Isoleucine
Lysine
Threonine
Leucine
Methionine 
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan
Valine

Question 8

AA can be used for GNG or ketogenesis - how

Answer 8

deaminate AA

use their carbon skeleton

Question 9

1 -> 2 -> serine -> cysteine

Answer 9

1 methionine

2 homocysteine

Question 10

1 -> tyrosine

Answer 10

1 phenylalanine

Question 11

What’s dif between glutamate and glutamine

Answer 11

mine - amino group

Question 12

serine vs cysteine

Answer 12

cy - SH

Question 13

SAM’s other name

Answer 13

AdoMet

Question 14

1 what forms SAM

2 SAM function

Answer 14

1) methionine -> SAM

2) SAM donates carbon to substrates

Question 15

”” transfers carbons in intermediate oxidation states

Answer 15

THF

Question 16

histamine is a vasodilator or constrictor

Answer 16

dilator

Question 17

histamine mediates that kinds of rxn

Answer 17

allergic

Question 18

histamine is synthesized from what

Answer 18

histidine

Question 19

serontonin function

Answer 19

1 pain

2 sleep

Question 20

serontonin is synthesized from what

Answer 20

tryptophan

Question 21

creatine is formed from what

Answer 21

arginine and glycine

Question 22

what is a marker for muscle damage in the BLOOD

Answer 22

creatine kinase

Question 23

histamine, creatine, and serontonin are products of what rxn (mediated by what enzyme)

Answer 23

decarboxylation

mediated by pyridoxal phosphate

Question 24

”” are used for diagnosis of heart attack

Answer 24

myocardial isoforms

Question 25

failing kidney function INDICATOR

Answer 25

high serum creatinine

Question 26

INDICATOR of decreased muscle mass

INDICATOR of liver damage

Answer 26

low urine creatinine

liver-high AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) and high ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)

Question 27

how many ATP can you get from NADH

Answer 27

3 ATP

Question 28

most AA are broken down in what organ of body

however branched chain amino acids are degraded where 2

Answer 28

liver

2-muscle

Question 29

BCAA include what AA

Answer 29

isoleucine
valine
leucine

Question 30

function of glutamate dehydrogenase

Answer 30

deanimates glutamate, which frees nitrogen for urea cycle (in liver) or urine (in kidney)

read: but in rest of body, GD catalzyes the opposite rxn