Flashcards in 5/16 Deck (67)
1
Presentation of angiofibroma
Adolescent w/ nasal obstruction, visible nasal mass, and frequent nosebleeds
*can erode local bone*
2
Whipples dz characterized by
Arthralgia's, weight loss, fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain
3
Cutaneous larva migrans characterized by
Pruritic, elevated, serpiginous lesions on the skin
Often acquired through contact with sand
4
DS quad
Low AFP and estriol
Inc B-HCG and inhibit A
5
First test after abnormal quad
US to evaluate anatomy and measure growth
6
Only infant absolute contra to breastfeeding
Galactosemia
7
When is varicella infectio a contra to breastfeeding
8
TCA OD characterized by
CNS depression
Hypotension
Anticholinergic effects
9
How does the body compensate for chronic hypercapnia
Increasing renal bicarb retention (Like in COPD)
10
What is membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis type 2 characterized by
Persistent activation of the alternative complement pathway
*dense deposit disease*
11
Anti-GB antibodies characteristic of
Goodpastures syndrome
12
What is Courvoisier's sign
Non-tender but palpable gallbladder at the right costal margin in a jaundiced pt
*for pancreatic Ca*
13
What is D-xylose
Monosaccharide that is absorbed in the proximal Si w/out degradation by pancreatic or bush border enzymes
14
Who has D-xylose absorption impairment? normal?
Small intestinal mucosal disease with have impaired
Patient's with malabsorption due to enzyme def will have normal
15
How can AS pt's get restrictive lung dz
Due to diminished chest wall and spinal mobility
16
Electrolyte abnormalities most often observed in Cushing's
Hypokalemia and hypernatremia
*Hypo K b/c corticosteroids have some mineralocorticoid activity*
17
Tx for febrile neutropenia
Empiric mono therapy w/ an anti-pseudomonad agent (Cefepime, meropenem, pip-taco)
18
Features of cervical sponydlosis
Chronic neck pain
Limited neck rotation
Sensory def (due to osteophyte induced radiculopathy)
19
3 predisposing features to cellulites
1. Obesity
2. Venous insufficiency
3. Skin disruption
20
What can PDD (dysthymia) be thought of as
Chronic, low-grade depression that lasts for years
21
Main objective in mgmt of a rib fracture
Pain relief
22
What is sialadenosis
Benign non-inflammatory enlargement of the salivary glands seen in pt's w/ advanced liver dz
23
What is scleroderma renal crisis
Acute onset of oliguric renal failure w/ malignant hypertension, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
24
What are case control studies
Analytical observational studies that retrospectively associate outcomes with specific risk factors
25
Case control vs Retrospective cohort
CC: Determine outcome and then look for associated risk factors
RCS: Ascertain risk factor exposure and then determine the outcome
26
Mainstay of COPD therapy
Inhaled anticholinergics (ipratropium and tiotropium)
27
Baby w/ fair eyes and hair, developmental delay, and CVA
Homocystinuria
*also can have marfinoid habitus*
28
Dx of homcysteinuria based on? tx?
Elevated homocysteine and methionine levels
Tx: Vit B6, folate, and B12 to lower homocystiene levels
29
Best means of measure respiratory function in GB
Serial measurements of FVC (spirometry)
*Peak flow can be used if spirometry unavailable*
30
Extra-renal feature of ADPKD
1. Cerebral aneurysms
2. Hepatic and pancreatic cysts
3. Cardiac valve disorders
4. Diverticulosis
5. Ventral and inguinal hernias
31
What causes vasospasm post SAH coiling
Arterial narrowing at the base of the brain due to degradation of blood and its metabolites
32
Cysteine stone shape? tx?
Hexagonal crystals
Urinary cyanide nitroprusside test can detect elevated cysteine levels
33
What is parinaud syndrome
Pressure on the pretectal region of the midbrain and CN II pressure causing limitation of upward gaze and bilateral eyelid retraction
34
What causes parinaud syndrom
Pineal gland mass
35
Think what in pt w/ severe HTN and recurrent flash pulmonary edema
Renovascular HTN
36
Increased 24 hour urinary free coristol excretion seen in
Cushings syndrome
37
Strange things seen in ACA occlusion
Dyspraxia, emotional disturbances, urinary incontinence, abulia (lack of will or initiative)
38
Imaging for head vs tail of pancreas Ca
Head: US (jaundice)
Tail: CT (No jaundice)
39
Osteoid osteoma feature
Pain typically relieved w/ NSIDs
40
Osteoid osteoma Xray
Small, round lucency w/ sclerotic margins and sometimes central ossification
41
Drug for ppx and tx of Amyloid AA
Colchicine
42
All pt's w/ ITP should be tested for
HIV and Hep C virus
43
What is "clasp knife" phenomenon
Velocity dependent resistance to passive movement of the limb seen in pt's w/ hypertonia due to pyramidal tract dz
44
MCC of ductopenia or "vanishing duct syndrome"
Primary biliary cirrhosis
45
MC AE of Tamoxifen
Hot flashes
46
Pulmonary contusion CXR
Patchy irregular alveolar infiltrates
47
3 first line drugs for uncomplicated UTI
1. Nitrofurantoin
2. TMP-SMX
3. Fosftomycin
*Quinolones for complicated*
48
Massive PE does what to heart
Inc. RV pressure, causing right ventricular hypokinesis and dilation, decreased preload, and hypotension
49
Test to run when pt has recurrent bacterial infections (adult)
Serum IgG levels to look for humoral immunity defect
50
Nonallergic rhinitis featurs
One of the chronic rhinitis symptoms without a specific etiology
Use intranasal antihistamine + glucocorticoids
51
Suspect what in palpable purpura + proteinuria and hematuria
Mixed cryoglobulinemia
52
MCC of viral conjunctivitis
Adenovirus
53
Think what w/ recurrent sinopulmonary and GI infections after 6 months of age? what will be on PE?
X-linke agammablobulinemia
PE: Absence of lymphoid tissue on examination
54
Bronchial breath sounds feature
Louder and have a more prominent expiratory component (seen in consolidation)
55
What differentiates lupus flare from pre-eclampsia
Overt RBCs in urine in addition to protein
56
Dermatitis of pellagra
Rough hyper pigmented scaly skin over sun-exposed areas
57
Two things elevated in anorexia
Cholesterol and carotene levels
58
Risks for pregnant women w/ hx of anorexia
Miscarriage
IUGR
Hyperemeis gravidarum
Premature birth
C-section
PPD
59
Giant cell tumor of bone xray
"Soap bubble" - expansile and eccentrically placed lytic area in the epiphysis
60
Serum iron and ferritin in thalassemia
Normal to high serum Fe and ferritin level
61
What type of therapy identifies and challenges maladaptive thoughts
CBT (to change emotions and behaviors)
62
What does psychodynamic psyschotheraphy do
-Explores past relationships and conflicts
-Utilizes transference
-Breaks down defense mechs
63
What does interpersonal psychotherapy do
Targets social and interpersonal context of the patients illness, focusing on the "here and now" to deal with fried and such
64
What does CBT focus on
Reducing automatic negative thoughts and avoidance behaviors that cause distress
65
3 clorquine resistant malarial drugs
1. Atovaquone-porguanil
2. Doxy
3. Mefloquine (use in pregnancy)
66
CMV esophagus features
Large linear ulcerations and presence of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions on biopsy
Tx: Ganciclovir
67