52R. Gas transport in the blood Flashcards
(44 cards)
where is oxygen carried to from where
from the lungs to the tissues
where is carbon dioxide carries to from where
the tissues to the lungs
is oxygen soluble in water
no
what does oxygen transport require
a carrier
what molecule binds and transports oxygen
haemoglobin in RBCs
what shape is haemoglobing (use its proper name)
tetramer
what does tetramer mean haemoglobin can do
bind 4 oxygen molecules
what shape is myoglobin
monomer
what does myoglobin being a monomer mean
it can only bind to one oxygen molecules
what kind of curve shows the relationship between oxygen binding and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2).
dissociation curves
what shape is the haemoglobin dissociation curve
sigmoidal (S shape)
what are the two haemoglobin states and what are their respective affinities for oxygen
T state - Low affinity For Oxygen
R state - High affinity For Oxygen
oxygen combines reversible/irreversible
revesible
where is myoglobin present
muscle cells
what does the myoglobin dissociation curve show
how much oxygen myoglobin binds at different oxygen pressures (pO2)
The curve demonstrates that oxygen binding to myoglobin is reversible.
As pO2 increases, more oxygen binds to myoglobin until it reaches saturation.
Total oxygen content includes both bound and dissolved oxygen.
The curve saturates (levels off) because there is a limited amount of myoglobin available to bind oxygen
The Bohr Effect Explained Simply:
Oxygen Delivery:
Haemoglobin carries oxygen to different parts of your body
When you play or run around, your muscles work hard and produce more waste (carbon dioxide and acid).
The waste (carbon dioxide and acid) tells the haemoglobin to drop off oxygen in those busy areas.
How It Works:
The haemoglobin changes shape when it senses the waste, making it easier to unload the oxygen.
is arterial blood got high or low oxygen pressure in the alveoli
high
what is the normal haemoglobin amount in your blood
2.2mmol/L
EXTRA NOTE:
Normal Haemoglobin Amount: If you have a normal amount of haemoglobin in your blood, it’s about 2.2 mmol/L.
Oxygen Binding: Each haemoglobin molecule can carry four oxygen molecules.
Total Oxygen: So, the total amount of oxygen in your blood is:
2.2 mmol/L x 4 = 8.8 mmol/L
explain anaemia in relation to haemoglobin
Normal Haemoglobin Amount: If you have a normal amount of haemoglobin in your blood, it’s about 2.2 mmol/L.
Oxygen Binding: Each haemoglobin molecule can carry four oxygen molecules.
Total Oxygen: So, the total amount of oxygen in your blood is:
how much oxygen is still bound to haemoglobin in venous blood when its on its way back to the heart
half
what is the lowest tissue pO2 can get
3kPa
Do tissues, such as the heart muscle, have a high or low capillary density
HIGH.
pO2 can be lower because oxygen doesn’t have to travel as far to reach cells.
This is particularly important in metabolically active tissues, which require more oxygen and thus have a denser capillary network
when pH of the blood is low, what does the Bohr graph do
shift to the right
what happens when the blood is more acidic/lower pH (in relation to Hb)
releases oxygen more easily
promotes T state (tense)
