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Abdo > Liver - ligaments > Flashcards

Liver - ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

what are the ligaments that attach the liver to the surrounding structures formed by?

A

These are formed by a double layer of peritoneum.

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2
Q

what does the falciform ligament attach?

A

attaches the anterior surface of the liver to the anterior abdominal wall. The free edge of this ligament contains the ligamentum teres, a remnant of the umbilical vein

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3
Q

what does the free edge of the falciform ligament contain?

A

The free edge of this ligament contains the ligamentum teres, a remnant of the umbilical vein

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4
Q

what do the (left & right) coronary ligaments attach?

A

attach the superior surface of the liver to the diaphragm.

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5
Q

what do the (left & right) triangular ligaments attach?

A

attach the superior surface of the liver to the diaphragm.

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6
Q

what does the lesser omentum consist of?

A

consists of the hepatoduodenal ligament and the hepatogastric ligament

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7
Q

where does the hepatoduodenal ligament extend from?

A

duodenum to the liver

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8
Q

where does the hepatogastric ligament extend from?

A

stomach to the liver

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9
Q

what is the posterior surface of the liver secured to?

A

inferior vena cava

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10
Q

what is the posterior surface of the liver secured to the inferior vena cava by?

A

hepatic veins and fibrous tissue

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11
Q

what are the hepatic recesses?

A

spaces between the liver and surrounding structures

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12
Q

why are the hepatic recesses of clinical importance?

A

infected fluids can collect in these areas, forming an abscess

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13
Q

where is the Subphrenic spaces (left and right) located?

A

between the diaphragm and liver, either side of the falciform ligament

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14
Q

where is the subhepatic space located?

A

between the inferior surface of the liver and the transverse colon

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15
Q

where is the Morison’s pouch located?

A

the posterosuperior aspect of the right subhepatic space, located between the visceral surface of the liver and the right kidney

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16
Q

what is the significance of the Morison’s pouch in terms of the peritoneal cavity? in which position? clinical relevance?

A

This is the deepest part of the peritoneal cavity when supine (lying flat), and this is where fluid is likely to collect in a bedridden patient

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17
Q

macroscopic view of the surface of the liver: what is the entire liver covered by? what is it known as?

A

The entire liver is covered by a fibrous layer, known as Glisson’s capsule

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18
Q

how many lobes is the liver divided into?

A

4

19
Q

what divides the liver into 4 lobes?

A

ligaments and surface depressions

20
Q

what divides the liver into left and right love?

A

by the attachment of the falciform ligament

21
Q

what is the falciform ligament?

A

a fold of peritoneum that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

22
Q

what else arises from the right lobe of the liver?

A

There are two further ‘accessory’ lobes that arise from the right lobe

23
Q

where are the 2 further ‘accessory’ lobes that arise from the right lobe located?

A

located on the visceral surface of liver

24
Q

what are the 2 accessory lobes that arise from the right lobe?

A

caudate and quadrate lobes

25
Q

where is the caudate lobe located?

A

on the upper aspect of the visceral surface

26
Q

what does the caudate lobe lie between?

A

it lies between the inferior vena cava and a fossa produced by the ligamentum venosum

27
Q

what is the ligamentum venosum a remnant of?

A

a remnant of the fetal ductus venosus

28
Q

where is the quadrate lobe located?

A

The quadrate lobe is located on the lower aspect of the visceral surface

29
Q

what does the quadrate lobe lie between?

A

It lies between the gallbladder and a fossa produced by the ligamentum teres

30
Q

what is the ligamentum teres a remnant of?

A

a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein

31
Q

what is the porta hepatis?

A

a deep fissure

32
Q

where is the porta hepatis located?

A

Between the caudate and quadrate lobes

33
Q

what is the function of the porta hepatis?

A

It transmits all the vessels, nerves and ducts entering or leaving the liver.

34
Q

microscopic view of liver: what are the cells of the liver known as?

A

hepatocytes

35
Q

microscopic view of the liver: how are the hepatocytes arranged?

A

into lobules

36
Q

what are lobules?

A

structural units of the liver

37
Q

how is each lobule shaped?

A

Each lobule is hexagonal-shaped

38
Q

what is each lobule drained by? what is it called?

A

each lobule is drained by a venule in its center, called a central vein

39
Q

what is located at the periphery of the hexagon lobules? what are they known as?

A

three structures collectively known as the portal triad

40
Q

what are contained within the portal triad?

A

arteriole, venule, duct

41
Q

what is the arteriole within the portal triad of the liver lobule a branch of?

A

a branch of the hepatic artery entering the liver

42
Q

what is the venule within the portal triad of the liver lobule a branch of?

A

a branch of the hepatic portal vein entering the liver

43
Q

what is the duct within the portal triad of the liver lobule a branch of?

A

branch of the bile duct leaving the liver

44
Q

what is also contained within the portal triad aside from the arteriole, venule and duct?

A

The portal triad also contains lymphatic vessels and vagus nerve (parasympathetic) fibres

Abdo (50 decks)

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