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Abdo > Venous drainage of the abdomen > Flashcards

Venous drainage of the abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 venous systems that drain abdominal structures?

A

the portal venous system and the systemic venous system

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2
Q

what does the portal system transport and where to?

A

transports venous blood to the liver for processing

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3
Q

what does the systemic venous system transport and to where?

A

returns deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart

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4
Q

what is the major vessel of the systemic venous system?

A

inferior vena cava

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5
Q

what is the inferior vena cava the common convergence for?

A

the common convergence of venous drainage from all structures below the diaphragm

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6
Q

where is the inferior vena cava located?

A

on the posterior abdominal wall; anteriorly to the vertebral column and to the right of the abdominal aorta

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7
Q

what is the inferior vena cava formed by?

A

formed by the union of the common iliac veins at the L5 vertebral level

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8
Q

where does the inferior vena cava travel after the union of common iliac veins at L5?

A

Its ascends superiorly, and leaves the abdomen by piercing the central tendon of the diaphragm at the T8 level (the caval hiatus)

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9
Q

within the thorax, where does the inferior vena cava drain?

A

the inferior vena cava drains into the right atrium of the heart

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10
Q

During its long course, the inferior vena cava shares an anatomical relationship with numerous abdominal structures - what are they?

A

the right common iliac artery, the root of the mesentery, the head of the pancreas, the bile duct, the portal vein and the liver

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11
Q

The inferior vena cava is responsible for the venous drainage of what?

A

all structures below the diaphragm

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12
Q

where does inferior vena cava receives tributaries from?

A 
common iliac veins
lumbar veins
renal veins
right testicular / ovarian vein
right suprarenal vein
inferior phrenic veins
hepatic veins
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13
Q

what is common iliac veins formed by?

A

the external and internal iliac veins

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14
Q

what do the common iliac veins drain?

A

lower limbs and gluteal region

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15
Q

what do lumbar veins drain?

A

the posterior abdominal wall

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16
Q

what do renal veins drain?

A

the kidneys, left adrenal gland and left testis/ovary

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17
Q

what does the right testicular vein drain?

A

drain the right testes in men and women

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18
Q

what does the right ovarian vein drain?

A

right ovary in women

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19
Q

what do the left testicular / ovarian vein drain into?

A

left renal vein

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20
Q

what does the right suprarenal vein drain?

A

the right adrenal gland

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21
Q

what does the left adrenal vein drain into?

A

left renal vein

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22
Q

what do inferior phrenic veins drain?

A

drain the diaphragm

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23
Q

what do the hepatic veins drain?

A

the liver

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24
Q

which organs do not have venous tributaries?

A

the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder or the abdominal part of the GI tract

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25
Q

what drains the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder or the abdominal part of the GI tract?

A

first drained into the portal venous system

26
Q

where does the venous return from the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder or abdo part of GI ultimately enter? what via?

A

the inferior vena cava via the hepatic veins (after being processed by the liver)

27
Q

what does the portal system carry? and where to for what?

A

venous blood (rich in nutrients that have been extracted from food) to the liver for processing

28
Q

what is the major vessel of the portal system?

A

the portal vein

29
Q

what is the importance of the portal vein within the portal system?

A

It is the point of convergence for the venous drainage of the spleen, pancreas, gallbladder and the abdominal part of the gastrointestinal tract

30
Q

what is the portal vein formed by?

A

the union of the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein

31
Q

where is the portal vein found?

A

posterior to the neck of the pancreas, at the level of L2

32
Q

what does the portal vein ascend towards?

A

ascends towards the liver

33
Q

what does the portal vein pass through as it ascends towards the liver?

A

the portal vein passes posteriorly to the superior part of the duodenum and the bile duct

34
Q

immediately before entering the liver, what happens to the portal vein?

A

the portal vein divides into right and left branches which then enter the parenchyma of the liver separately

35
Q

what is the portal vein formed by?

A

The portal vein is formed by the union of the splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein. It receives additional tributaries from

36
Q

what does the portal vein receives additional tributaries from?

A

Right and left gastric veins
Cystic veins
Para-umbilical veins

37
Q

what do the right and left gastric veins drain?

A

drain the stomach

38
Q

what do the cystic veins drain?

A

the gallbladder

39
Q

what do the para-umbilical veins drain?

A

skin of the umbilical region

40
Q

what is the splenic vein formed from?

A

a variety of smaller vessels as they leave the hilum of the spleen

41
Q

how is the splenic vein like and what does it maintain contact with and where does it cross?

A

Unlike the splenic artery, the splenic vein is straight and it maintains contact with the body of the pancreas as it crosses the posterior abdominal wall

42
Q

what happens as the splenic vein reaches the neck of the pancreas?

A

the splenic vein joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein

43
Q

what are the tributaries to the splenic vein?

A

Short gastric veins
Left gastro-omental vein
Pancreatic veins
Inferior mesenteric vein

44
Q

what do the short gastric veins drain?

A

the fundus of the stomach

45
Q

what does the left gastro-omental vein drain?

A

the greater curvature of the stomach

46
Q

what do the pancreatic veins drain?

A

the pancreas

47
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?

A

the large intestine

48
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?

A

drains blood from the rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon and splenic flexure

49
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric vein begin as, where does it travel to?

A

the superior rectal vein and ascends

50
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric vein receive tributaries from?

A

sigmoid veins and the left colic veins

51
Q

what happens as the inferior mesenteric vein ascends further? what does it join with?

A

it passes posteriorly to the body of the pancreas and typically joins the splenic vein

52
Q

what are tributaries to the superior mesenteric vein?

A 
Right gastro-omental vein
Anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal veins
Jejunal vein
Ileal vein
Ileocolic vein
Right colic vein
Middle colic vein
53
Q

what does the right gastro-omental vein drain?

A

the greater curvature of the stomach

54
Q

what do the anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal veins drain?

A

the pancreas and duodenum

55
Q

what does the jejunal vein drain?

A

jejunum

56
Q

what does the ileal vein drain?

A

the ileum

57
Q

what does the ileocolic vein drain?

A

ileum, colon, cecum

58
Q

what does the right colic vein drain?

A

ascending colon

59
Q

what does the middle colic vein drain?

A

transverse colon

60
Q

what are many of the tributaries formed as?

A

an accompanying vein for each branch of the superior mesenteric artery

Abdo (50 decks)

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