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JC History > Political developments in Ireland - Rising and War 1919-21 > Flashcards

Political developments in Ireland - Rising and War 1919-21 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the act of union?

A

The act of union meant that Ireland was part of the UK

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2
Q

Who was the leader of the Home Rule Party?

A

John Redmond

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3
Q

Why didn’t Unionists want home rule?

A
  • thought catholic majority would discriminate against them in government.
  • thought Dublin parliament would be bad for trading/business
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4
Q

Who were the leaders of the unionist party?

A

James Craig and Edward Carson

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5
Q

What trade union did Jim Larkin set up?

A

ITGWU

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6
Q

What is Anglicisation?

A

Spreading of English culture

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7
Q

Who set up the GAA?

A

Michael Cusack

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8
Q

Who set up the Gaelic League?

A

Eoin MacNeill and Douglas Hyde

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9
Q

Explain socialism

A

A social system that promotes equality among citizens through sharing land and industries

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10
Q

Explain home rule

A

Idea that Ireland would have their own parliament to govern the countries internal affairs

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11
Q

What was the IRB

A

Were extreme nationalists who wanted a republic and to gain independence by violent means

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12
Q

Explain cultural nationalism

A

Stressed the difference between Ireland and Britain and felt we should have our own parliament because of different culture

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13
Q

What happened after Jim Larkin called workers out in strike

A

Employers started the lockout which lasted five months and eventually workers were forced to go back to work

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14
Q

In what ways did anglicisation take place

A

More people speaking English

Playing English games

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15
Q

What were the aims of the GAA

A

increase amount of people playing hurling/Gaelic, make rules for these games
Organise competitions

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16
Q

How did the Gaelic league promote Irish

A

Irish newspaper
Training timiri who taught Irish
Encouraging Irish dance and music

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17
Q

Explain veto

A

The right of the House of Lords to reject bills passed by the House of Commons

18
Q

Name the two parties in Westminster

A

The liberal party

Conservatives( against home rule and dominated House of Lords)

19
Q

Explain the parliament act and how the home rule bill was passed

A

The parliament act ended the veto of the House of Lords and meant they could reject a bill twice but must pass it on a third time. The home rule bill would become law despite opposition in the House of Lords

20
Q

What was the solemn league and convenant

A

This was signed by the unionist leaders to say they would prevent home rule by any means necessary

21
Q

Who was and what did roger casement do

A

He went to Germany to source support and guns for Irish rebellion
The ship called the Aud was captured by British army during transport

22
Q

Who were the national and Irish volunteers and their leaders

A

National volunteers led by Redmond (fought for British in WW1)
Irish volunteers led by MacNeill( Stayed behind in Ireland to ensure home rule)

23
Q

Why did MacNeill call off fighting

A

Discovered the castle document which stated that the government were going to arrest the leaders of the Irish volunteers was forged.
Discovered Aud had been captured

24
Q

Name the seven leaders and members of the military council

A 
Thomas J. Clarke
P. H Pearse
Eamonn Ceannt 
Séan McDermott 
Thomas MacDonagh
James Connolly
Joseph Plunkett
25
Q

Explain briefly the rising and the main events

A
  1. On Easter Monday rebels seized key buildings in Dublin
  2. The General Post Office (GPO) became their headquarters.
  3. On the steps of the GPO, Patrick Pearse read aloud the proclamation to puzzled onlookers
  4. The British army was taken by surprise, but it soon reacted to the rebellion. Within a few days, extra troops had arrived in Ireland.
  5. Fighting broke out on the streets of Dublin.
  6. GPO had to be evacuated because of fire
  7. Eventually Pearse ordered a surrender and the rebellion ended

Defeat

The British used heavy guns (artillery) against the Irish all over Dublin. Within a week, the leaders of the rising realized they would not be able to beat the army. They surrendered and were arrested by the British.

The trials of the leaders of the Easter Rising were held in secret. Pearse and 14 other leaders were sentenced to death. More than 500 people had died in the rising, including many ordinary citizens.

26
Q

Why did the rising fail

A

No countrywide rebellion, British only needed in Dublin
The rebels were easy to surround in key buildings
Rebels were heavily outnumbered by better trained and armed soldiers

27
Q

Explain internment

A

Imprisonment without trial

28
Q

Why did public opinion change after the rising

A

The executions( especially Connolly) seemed cruel and harsh, people sympathised with rebels.

They had become republicans while in internment camps and were then released

29
Q

Who set up sinn féin

A

Arthur Griffith

30
Q

Why did support for sinn Féin increase

A

Called a Sinn Féin rebellion so all in favour of rising supported sinn féin
Plans of conscription which was opposed by the party
British arrested the Sinn Féin leaders like De Valera and Grffith
Sinn Féin won four by-elections
Were seen as young and dynamic

31
Q

Explain conscription

A

Being forced to join an army

32
Q

Who were the Squad

A

Michael Collins set up a group of assassins called the squad who murdered anyone who was a British spy

33
Q

Explain guerrilla warfare

A

A type of fighting that consists of surprise attacks and ambushes

34
Q

What does RIC stand for

A

Royal Irish Constabulary

35
Q

When and why did the war of independence start

A

Same day the first dáil met January 1921
Two cons tables from RIC were killed by the volunteers IRA
IRA attacked RIC barracks in the countryside

36
Q

Explain what the dáil was at the time of the war of independence

A

Parliament set up in Dublin by Sinn Féin leaders who refused to take their seats in Westminster

37
Q

Who were the black and tans

A

Former British soldiers who were sent to Ireland to help the RIC

38
Q

What happened when Éamon de Valera went to america 1919

A

He tried to gain help from america to recognise republic

Failed but he got 4 million dollars to support irish to fight for independence

39
Q

How did the black and tans get revenge on the IRA attacks

A

They terrorised the locals

Burned houses, shot prisoners

40
Q

Explain bloody Sunday

A

As revenge for a squad attack the British looked for the squad killers in crowd of football game
They opened fire and killed fourteen people in the stadium

41
Q

Explain the truce arranged in 1921 war of independence

A

Britain were embarrassed by their behaviour
IRA was short of men and arms
Truce was agreed 11 july

JC History (38 decks)

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