International Relations In The 20th Century- Hitler And Germany

Question 1

Explain Weimar Republic

Answer 1

Parliamentary government in Germany after WW1

Question 2

Explain how the weakness of the weimar republic aided in Hitler coming to power

Answer 2

Government was disliked as it was blamed for accepting the treaty of Versailles and the job shortage in Germany

Question 3

Explain how the great depression aided in Hitler coming to power

Answer 3

Caused unemployment to rise which the government failed to solve

Question 4

Explain how the formation of the nazis aided in Hitler coming to power

Answer 4

National Socialists German Workers Party formed 1920
Hitler was Der Füher
Won many seats in the 1932 election
Dominated the Reichstag

Question 5

What were Hitler’s policies

Answer 5

Opposed to the treaty- wanted bigger army
Hated communism
Wanted to solve economic problems like unemployment
He wanted to create a Greater Germany of German speakers
He wanted living space in Europe

Question 6

Explain how the propaganda aided in Hitler coming to power

Answer 6

Used clever propaganda to get their message across. Blamed Germany’s problems on Treaty, Jews and communists

Question 7

Explain how the SS and SA aided in Hitler coming to power

Answer 7

Used violence to attack opposition

Question 8

Who were the SA and SS

Answer 8

Sturm Abteilung (SA) - brownshirts Hitlers followers
Schtuzstaffel (SS) - Blackshirts - smaller group of personal bodyguards for Hitler

Question 9

Explain what Beer Hall Putsch was.

Answer 9

Germany’s economy was doing badly in 1923 Hitler staged a rebellion in Munich called Beer Hall Putsch but it failed. Hitler got five year prison sentence.

Question 10

When was Hitler appointed Chancellor?

Answer 10

1933 by President Hindenburg.

Question 11

Explain the Enabling Act

Answer 11

Gave Hitler power to pass laws without getting them approved by the parliament

Question 12

Give four ways Hitler bcame a Dictator

Answer 12

Took over the police force to kill political opponents. Gestapo were the secret police
Passed the Enabling Act 1933
Banned trade unions
When a Dutch communist burnt down the Reichstag building Hitler banned the Communist Party

Question 13

What was the night of the long knives?

Answer 13

June 30th 1934. Nazis killed or arrested SA leaders along with other political opponents

Question 14

Explain concentration camps

Answer 14

Prisons used for political prisoners and later Jews of Europe

Question 15

What did Hitler do to gain support

Answer 15

Propaganda glorified Hitler
Parades and rallies were held prasing him
He reduced unemployment
Built autobahns or motorways

Question 16

How were the young taught to view Der Füher

Answer 16

Hitler Youth and The league of German Maidens taught young to glorify Hitler and to hate the Jews

Question 17

Explain Anti- semitism

Answer 17

Hatred and discrimination against Jews

Question 18

What was Kristallancht

Answer 18

Revenge after German Diplomat was killed by a Jew. 1938 Jewish shops and synagogues were destroyed and around 90 Jews murdered. 30,000 Jews were brought to concentration camps.

Question 19

Explain rearmament

Answer 19

Rebuilding the German army

Question 20

How were Hitler’s policies put into effect

Answer 20

Began rearmament- ignoring the treaty
Conscription was introduced
Remilitarised the Rhineland- British and French did not object
The Anchluss

Question 21

Explain Appeasement

Answer 21

Agreeing to Hitler’s demands to prevent war

Question 22

What did the Anschluss involve

Answer 22

1938- Hitler forced Austrian Chancellor to bring Austrian Nazis into his government and resign. Hitler was greeted with cheering crowds

Question 23

Explain Hitler’s failure in taking over the Sudetenland

Answer 23

Hitler encouraged Germans living in the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia to fight for independence. Czechoslovakia refused to join Germany

Question 24

What was the Munich Conference 1938

Answer 24

Meeting of Italy, France, Britain and Germany. The Sudetenland was handed over to Germany agreed in the meeting.

Question 25

Explain how Hitler took over Czechoslovakia

Answer 25

He threatened to bomb Prague unless President if Czechoslovakia let him occupy the country
Hitler occupied the country

Question 26

What was the British reaction to Hitler occupying Czechoslovakia?

Answer 26

Promised military support to Poland if she was attacked.

Question 27

What was the Polish Corridoor?

Answer 27

Strip of land separating Germany from East Prussia (part of Germany)

Question 28

Why did Hitler offer an alliance to Stalin of Russia

Answer 28

He wanted Soviet neutrality when invading Poland.

Question 29

What was agreed under the Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact 1939

Answer 29

Germany and Russia agreed not to attack each other and to divide Poland between them.

Question 30

When did Germany attack Poland

Answer 30

1st September 1939

Question 31

When was War Declared

Answer 31

Britain and France declared war on Germany on the 3rd of September 1939

Question 32

What were the Nuremburg laws?

Answer 32

Deprived Jews of German citizenship, banned them to marry non Jewish, forced all Jews to wear a star of David

Question 33

Explain ghetto

Answer 33

Part of a city where a minority group was kept separate

Question 34

How was the final solution carried out in Nazi Germany

Answer 34

The SS rounded up Jews into concentration camps and killed them by gassing
First women, children and old men were killed by Zyklon B gas
Able bodied men worked as slaves until they died or were killed
Buried in mass graves or burnt in ovens
About 6 million Jews were killed

Question 35

How did the Allies win the war of the Pacific

Answer 35

Summer 1945 USA invade Japan
Operation Manhattan Scientists developed an atomic bomb
August 1945- bombs dropped in Japan
Forced Japan to surrender
In Hiroshima 90,000 people killed instantly

Question 36

What were the results of WW2

Answer 36

55 million died
Cities, industry and railway destroyed
America and USSR became more powerful and distrusted each other, this led to the Cold war
France and Britain left weak leading to decolonisation
Germany was divided between USSR, Britain, France, USA
Countries of East Europe became communist under USSR