Ch. 4 & 5

Question 1

Taught by Aristotle. Became king of Macedonia, attacked Persian empire and won.

Answer 1

Alexander the Great

Question 2

“To imitate Greeks,” an age that saw the extension of the Greek language and ideas to the non-Greek world of the Near East

Answer 2

Hellenism

Question 3

Named after Alexander the Great, made to guard strategic points and supervise wide areas

Answer 3

Alexandria

Question 4

Alexandrian scholar who is primarily known for his elements - a system of geometry

Answer 4

Euclid

Question 5

Important for his work on the geometry of spheres and cylinders, established the mathematical constant of pi.

Answer 5

Archimedes

Question 6

One way that thought developed Hellenistic and Roman period

Answer 6

Epicureans

Question 7

A product of the teacher Zeno from Athens, stoics believe happiness could only be found in virtue, which means essentially living in harmony with divine will

Answer 7

Stoics

Question 8

Egyptian cult. One of the most popular mystery religions. Isis was the goddess of women, marriage, and children

Answer 8

Isis

Question 9

Leader of Jewish uprising when Jews wanted to take control of their temple again in 164 BC

Answer 9

Judas Maccabaeus

Question 10

Jews celebrate this every year since they regained control of the temple

Answer 10

Hanukkah

Question 11

Twin brothers who, according to legend, founded Rome in 753 BC

Answer 11

Romulus and Remus

Question 12

Chief executive officers of the Roman Republic

Answer 12

Consuls and Praetors

Question 13

Council of elders, select group of about three-hundred men who served for life. Could only advise magistrates

Answer 13

Senate

Question 14

Consisted of families who serve descendants from the original senators appointed during the period of the kings; “independent, unprivileged, poorer, and vulnerable men.”

Answer 14

Patricians and Plebians

Question 15

One of the chief ancient sources for the history of the early Roman Republic. Masterpiece was “History of Rome,” covering the years from the foundation of the city

Answer 15

Livy

Question 16

Largest and richest state in the area

Answer 16

Carthaginian Empire

Question 17

The first of these wars began when the Romans decided to intervene in a struggle between two Sicilian cities by sending an army to Sicily

Answer 17

Punic Wars

Question 18

The greatest Carthaginian general from the Second Punic War

Answer 18

Hannibal

Question 19

Romans possessed people who worked for them, but were still treated like family

Answer 19

Slavery

Question 20

Codification of Roman

Answer 20

Twelve Tables

Question 21

Best exemplar of the literary and intellectual interests for the senatorial elite of the late Republic and, indeed, the greatest prose writer of that period.

Answer 21

Cicero

Question 22

Magnificent architecture

Answer 22

Coliseum

Question 23

Powerful, influential leader in the republic, reformer, “dictator for life”

Answer 23

Julius Caesar

Question 24

Rival of Antony and Cleopatra; wanted to follow Caesar; close in relation to Caesar; young; Caesar Augustus; Senate game him the name Augustus; becomes one of Rome’s most powerful leaders in its history

Answer 24

Octavian

Question 25

Wanted to be successor of Caesar; experience. Became allies against Octavian. Defeated by Octavian.

Answer 25

Antony & Cleopatra