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Step 1 > Most Commons 2 > Flashcards

Most Commons 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots on skin

A

Neurofibromatosis

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2
Q

Caisson disease

A

Gas emboli

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3
Q

Calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

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4
Q

Call-Exner bodies

A

Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary

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5
Q

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

A

Chagas’ disease

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6
Q

Cerebriform nuclei

A

Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)

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7
Q

Chagas’ disease

A

Trypanosome infection

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8
Q

Chancre

A

Primary syphilis (not painful)

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9
Q

Chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)

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10
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)

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11
Q

Charcot-Leyden crystals

A

Bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)

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12
Q

Chediak-Higashi disease

A

Phagocyte deficiency

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13
Q

Cherry-red spot on macula

A

Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion

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14
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

Central apnea in CHF and inc intracranial pressure

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15
Q

Chocolate cysts

A

Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)

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16
Q

Chronic atrophic gastritis

A

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma

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17
Q

Chvostek’s sign

A

Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)

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18
Q

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of

A

DES exposure in utero

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19
Q

Clue cells

A

Gardnerella vaginitis

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20
Q

Codman’s triangle on x-ray

A

Osteosarcoma

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21
Q

Cold agglutinins

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis

22
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

23
Q

Condylomata lata

A

Secondary syphilis

24
Q

Continuous machinery murmur

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

25
Q

Cori’s disease

A

Debranching enzyme deficiency

26
Q

Cotton-wool spots

A

Chronic hypertension

27
Q

Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza

A

Measles

28
Q

Councilman bodies

A

Toxic or viral hepatitis

29
Q

Cowdry type A bodies

A

Herpesvirus

30
Q

Crescents in Bowman’s capsule

A

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

31
Q

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

A

Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

32
Q

Curling’s ulcer

A

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

33
Q

Currant-jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella

34
Q

Curschmann’s spirals

A

Bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)

35
Q

Cushing’s ulcer

A

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

36
Q

D-dimers

A

DIC

37
Q

Depigmentation of neurons in

A

Parkinson’s disease (basal ganglia disorder–rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

38
Q

Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

Pellagra (niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)

39
Q

Diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos +

A

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

40
Q

Dog or cat bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

41
Q

Donovan bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale

42
Q

Dressler’s syndrome

A

Post-MI fibrinous pericarditis

43
Q

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

A

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)

44
Q

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

A

Deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)

45
Q

Eburnation

A

Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)

46
Q

Edwards’ syndrome

A

Trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart disease

47
Q

Eisenmenger’s complex

A

Late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L –> R shunt becomes R –> L shunt)

48
Q

Elastic skin

A

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

49
Q

Erb-Duchenne palsy

A

Superior trunk brachial plexus injury (“waiter’s tip”)

50
Q

Erythema chronicum migrans

A

Lyme disease

Step 1 (58 decks)

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