appendicitis Flashcards
what is an appendicitis
inflm of the appendix
what kind of onset does an appendicitis have
acute onset
what is the common age when an appendicitis may occur
common between 5-30 yrs
peak (20-30)
though can occur at any age
where is the appendix
at the ileocecal valve of the ccecum , ascending colon of the large intestine LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT
what kind of tissue is the appendix made up of? and thus may be involved in ?
lymphoid tissue may be involved in some immune function: -creates immune cells
-helps body develop tolerance to normal gut flora
Etiology
- idiopathic
- there are 2 theories
what are the 2 theories of causes for appendicitis
1) obstruction d/t fecal matter causing intraluminal obstruction (fecalith): causing an increase in pressure d/t mucus buildup & bacterial growth
2) Appendix twists inducing trauma leading to the inflm (twist in middle causing obstruction & unable to drain)
patho of appendicitis
- increase in mucus secretion which increases intraluminal pressure
- lumen obstruction
- mucus drainage into cecum blocked
- increased intraluminal pressure
- exceeds venous pressure
- venous stasis
- ischemia
- necorosis
- bacteria invade appendix and wall
Complication: can lead to peritonitis & death
what is a SERIOUS complication of appendiciits
perforation which can lead to peritonitis and death
mnfts of appendicitis
- abrupt onset reffered pain: epigastric or periumblical
- episodes of nausea & vomiting
- pain increases & becomes colicky over 12 hrs
- pain then localizes to lower right quadrant:
- rebound pain
- Guarded pain
- McBurneys point - increase in WBCS and Temp
rebound pain is?
palpate then release pain upon release
Guarded pain IS
fetal position, protect yourself pain
Mcburneys point?
mid point between belly button & illiac crest
Tx
- IV fluids (for preoperative)
- Antibiotics (for preoperative)
- appendectomy if required in 24-48 hr (if delayed may cause perforation & peritonitis)
