Male genitourinary disorders and the prostate and BPH Flashcards
to have a genitourinary disorder a male ___to be sexually mature for disorders
does not have
can occur at any age
some common things about male genitourinary disorders
- various disorders
- all ages affected
- fairly common
what is the prostate?
-glandular and encapsulated, located inferior to urinary bladder and around neck of bladder
what is in contact with the prostate and how does this relate to physical exams
rectum is in contact with the prostate so you can palpate prostate through rectum, this becomes a routine procedure in physical for men over 50
passing through prostate gland is the________
urethra (this is called the prostatic urethra that passes through prostate)
the prostate can be a primary site of _________ in men
neoplasia
what is Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
gradual periurethral enlargement (enlargement begins at central part of urethra)
BPH is very _____
common
BPH is ______ related
age related
- more than 60 years old approx 50% have BPH
- more than 80 years old approx 90% have BPH
what is the etiology of BPH
- unclear
- linked to genetics (genetic predisposition) diet (suggestion that diet may play role, Japanese may have a yellow seaweed that is protective), Race (prevalence very low in Japanese men & high in African american men)
- ageing is the primary risk factor
what is the primary risk factor for BPH
-ageing
what are male sex hormones called
androgens
what are the two main male sex hormones
- testosterone
- DHT (dihydrotestosterone)
what does 5a-reductase do?
testes produce testosterone some is converted to DHT by enzyme 5a-reductase (90-95% of testosterone that goes through testes converted to DHT)
how much testosterone that goes through testes is converted to DHT and by what
90-95 % converted by enzyme 5a-reductase
