7 - Opth - Pupillary reflexes - Pupil reflex abnormalities and Other pupil abnormalities Flashcards
1
Q
Afferent pupillary defect - cause? + 2 features
A
caused by complete optic nerve lesions
affected pupil constriction absent
consensual reflex absent
2
Q
When does RAPD occur
A
with incomplete afferent damage
3
Q
How to demonstrate RAPD
A
swinging light test
-swinging light back to affected eye -> both pupils dilate slightly from previous constriction
(basically theres a LAG in constriction)
consensual constriction stronger than direct in affected eye
4
Q
main causes of RAPD
A
optic neuritis
ischaemic optic neuropathy
central retinal artery/vein occlusion
5
Q
Other less common causes of RAPD
A
severe retinal detachment severe AMD severe glaucoma vitreous haemorrhage amblyopia
