5 - ENT - Rhinology - Approach to the history Flashcards

1
Q

questions about nasal obstruction

A
constant/intermittent?
unilateral/bilateral?
associated discharge?
relieving/exacerbating factors?
substance use/nasal medication?
previous surgery?
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2
Q

Causes of constant obstruction

A

long standing deformity
deviated septum
polyps
enlarged turbinates

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3
Q

causes of intermittent obstruction

A

allergic rhinosinusitis

common cold

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4
Q

Nasal discharge - watery? yellow?

A

watery - infection unlikely, allergy, poss CSF

yellow - allergy, bact infection, FB

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5
Q

Nasal discharge - green? blood stained?

A

green - infection

blood - tumours, trauma

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6
Q

what trauma can cause epistaxis

A

major trauma
nose picking
surgery
infection

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7
Q

what are some non trauma causes of epistaxis

A

HTN, anticoagulants, coagulation deficits, alcohol, hereditary telangiectasia

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8
Q

sneezing - what to ask?

A

exacerbating factors?

associations? rhinorrheoa, itching

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9
Q

disorders of smell - what conditions to screen for?

A

hyposmia/anosmia

CACOSMIA - perception of foul smell, commonly due to infection interfering with olfactory receptors

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10
Q

Causes of nasal deformity?

A

cocaine use

previous trauma, surgery

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