Week 1, Chpt 1-2

Question 1

What is geology?

Answer 1

The study of the (natural parts of) Earth.

Question 2

What does it mean when we say “the surface of the Earth is transient?”

Answer 2

It is always changing.

Question 3

In the simplest terms the Earth is composed of 3 parts, what are they?

Answer 3

Crust, mantle, and core.

Question 4

What is the mantle made of?

Answer 4

Peridotite

Question 5

The lithosphere is composed of

Answer 5

crust and upper mantle.

Question 6

In a more descriptive sense, the Earth is composed of 5 parts, what are they?

Answer 6

Crust
Upper Mantle
Lower Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core

Question 7

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Answer 7

Plates move very slowly relative to one another.

The foundation for understanding most geological phenomena.

Question 8

Plates

Answer 8

Large cracks separate the crust into discrete pieces.

Question 9

Cosmology

Answer 9

The study of the overall structure and history of the universe.

Question 10

Fission

Answer 10

A large nucleus breaks apart to form 2 smaller atoms.

Question 11

Smaller atoms collide and stick together to form a larger atom.

Answer 11

Fusion

Question 12

The Earth system is comprised of

Answer 12

Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Lithosphere

Question 13

The Earth produces a magnetic field that

Answer 13

deflects solar wind.

Question 14

4 classes of igneous silicate rocks (from least dense to most dense)

Answer 14

Felsic
Intermediate
Malic
Ultramalic

Question 15

The crust is made up of two parts, what are they?

Answer 15

Oceanic and continental crust.

Question 16

What makes the iron alloy of the inner core solid?

Answer 16

Pressure

Question 17

What generates Earth’s magnetic field?

Answer 17

Liquid iron alloy, which flows.

Question 18

What is the name of the supercontinent that existed before continental drift occurred?

Answer 18

Pangea

Question 19

Continents move toward each other when the old floor floor between them sinks, this is called_____.

Answer 19

subduction

Question 20

An imaginary arrow that represents Earth’s field.

Answer 20

Magnetic dipole

Question 21

Continents move relative

Answer 21

to a fixed pole.

Question 22

Plate Boundaries

Answer 22

The breaks between lithosphere plates.

Question 23

Earthquakes indicate

Answer 23

a plate boundary.

Question 24

What are the 3 types of plate boundaries?

Answer 24

Divergent
Convergent
Transform

Question 25

Divergent Boundary

Answer 25

2 plates move apart from each other.

Question 26

Convergent Boundary

Answer 26

2 plates move toward each other, one sinks underneath the other.

Question 27

Transform Boundary

Answer 27

2 plates slide sideways past each other.

Question 28

A place where 3 plate boundaries intersect

Answer 28

Triple Junction

Question 29

New divergent boundaries form when a continent splits into 2 continents.

Answer 29

Rifting

Question 30

Collision

Answer 30

A convergent boundary ceases to exist when a piece of buoyant lithosphere moves into the subduction zone.

Question 31

How are mountains created?

Answer 31

Collision

Question 32

Slab-pull force

Answer 32

One oceanic plate starts to sink it brings others with it.

Question 33

Plate velocity =

Answer 33

Distance from the anomaly to the ridge axis
__________________________________

age of anomaly