Week 10

Question 1

Index fossils are

Answer 1

diagnostic of a particular time

Question 2

Types of Fossilization

Answer 2

• Frozen/dried body fossils
• Body fossils preserved in amber or tar
• Preserved or replaced bones, teeth, and shells
• Pre-mineralized organisms
• Carbonized impressions of bodies
• Moulds and casts of bodies
• Trace fossils
• Chemical fossils

Question 3

Trace Fossils

Answer 3

Not something from the body of an organism but something they made.

Question 4

Where can you see extinction events?

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

___ within lifeforms carries a partial ___ of their ___ history.

Answer 5

DNA within lifeforms carries a partial record of their evolutionary history.

Question 6

What keeps things from sliding?

Answer 6

Resisting forces, resisting gravity:

Cohesion
Chemical Bonds
Surface Tension
Electrical Charges
Friction

Question 7

Creep in terms of mass movements

Answer 7

Slow movement, due to seasonal expansion and contraction of regolith.

Question 8

Slumping

Answer 8

Sliding of the regolith as coherent blocks.

Question 9

Loading

Answer 9

Weight of water

Question 10

Slides happen where you have

Answer 10

weak layers

Question 11

How does water cause mass movements?

Answer 11

• Loading slopes
• Interactions with clay minerals
• Dissolving cements
• Dissolving rock
• Subsurface erosion
• Poor water pressure lowers strength/cohesion

Question 12

Acoustic fluidization

Answer 12

Get rocks vibrating, bouncing off each other, trapped acoustic energy, rocks can flow.