Week 6, Chpt 6, 7

Question 1

Rocks that form at or near the surface of the earth.

Answer 1

Sedimentary rocks

Question 2

4 classes of sedimentary rocks

Answer 2

Clastic
Biochemical
Organic
Chemical

Question 3

Metamorphic rock

Answer 3

One that forms when a pre-existing rock undergoes a solid-state change in response to the modification of its environment.

Question 4

Rocks undergo metamorphism when they are subjected to

Answer 4

heat, pressure, compression and sheer, and/or very hot water.

Question 5

2 Fundamental classes of metamorphic rocks

Answer 5

Foliated and non foliated

Question 6

Crystal structure has an ____ atomic arrangment

Answer 6

Crystal structure has an ordered atomic arrangement.

Question 7

Type of atomic bonding determines

Answer 7

physical properties of minerals.

Question 8

Isotropy

Answer 8

Same properties in all directions

Question 9

Anisotropy

Answer 9

Varying properties depending on direction

Question 10

Things that are harder than quartz are

Answer 10

precious gems.

Question 11

Crystal structures are limited to 6 because of

Answer 11

topology

Question 12

Silica tetrahedron has __ oxygens and __ silicon

Answer 12

4, 1

Question 13

3 basic kinds of rocks

Answer 13

Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous

Question 14

Decompression melting takes place in

Answer 14

spreading centres and hot spots. Where you have convection in the mantle.

Question 15

Temperature where melt first appears in rock

Answer 15

Solidus

Question 16

Temperature where melt has liquified rocks

Answer 16

Liquidus

Question 17

Flux

Answer 17

A substance that change another substance’s melting point.

Question 18

3 components of magma:

Answer 18

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 19

Liquid magma is called

Answer 19

melt.

Question 20

Gaseous part of magma

Answer 20

volatiles

Question 21

Why are rocks harder to melt deeper in the mantle?

Answer 21

Pressure increases the melting temperature and holds the rocks together.

Question 22

Decompressional Melting

Answer 22

When solid mantle rock is moving upward. As it moves upwards pressure decreases, and the magma is still hot. This causes the rock to melt.

Question 23

Textures in rocks depend on

Answer 23

cooling rates.

Question 24

Xenolith

Answer 24

Foreign rock

Question 25

Sedimentary rocks are formed by

Answer 25

igneous rocks.

Question 26

Weathering can be

Answer 26

mechanical, chemical, or biological.