Week 11

Question 1

Streams

Answer 1

Channels of water that drain the landscape.

Question 2

Hydrologic Cycle

Answer 2

Evaporation –> Transpiration –> Precipitation –> Infiltration –> Runoff

Question 3

Tributary

Answer 3

Small stream, accumulates into a trunk stream.

Question 4

The style of a stream reflects

Answer 4

material being eroded.

Question 5

Drainage Basin

Answer 5

A land area that drains into a specific trunk stream.

Which stream the water ends up in.

Question 6

Ephemeral Streams

Answer 6

Water flows seasonally.

Question 7

Discharge

Answer 7

Amount of water flowing in the stream. Volume of water per second.

Question 8

Streamflow is

Answer 8

turbulent

Question 9

How sediment is transported

Answer 9

Dissolved loads –> Suspended loads –> Bed load

Question 10

Dissolved load

Answer 10

Dissolved ion from mineral weathering

Question 11

Fine particles entrained in the flow

Answer 11

Suspended loads

Question 12

Bed load

Answer 12

Large particles that roll. Movement is called saltation.

Question 13

Base level

Answer 13

A level down to which erosion will work. Lowest point to which a stream can erode. Just depositing at this level. Usually sea level.

Question 14

What happens to the base level when the sea level goes up?

Answer 14

It goes up too.

Question 15

Alluvial Fans

Answer 15

Build at the base of a mountain front.

Question 16

Braided Streams

Answer 16

form where channels are choked by sediment.

Question 17

Meandering rivers

Answer 17

Channels form intricately looping meanders along the lower gradient portion of the longitudinal profile. These evolve over time.

Question 18

Flood plane

Answer 18

area that is flooded by river

Question 19

Stream Piracy

Answer 19

A case where one stream captures another’s flow.

Question 20

Stream rejuvenation

Answer 20

Initiated by base level fall. River can restart eroding the land. Uplift land, bring water down.

Question 21

Superposed streams

Answer 21

Occur in deformed terrain. River erodes until it reaches an unconformity.

Question 22

Antedecent River

Answer 22

Stream cuts through mountain range

Question 23

Diverted Stream

Answer 23

Rate of uplift exceeds erosion.

Question 24

3 types of deltas

Answer 24

Triangle shaped
Arch-like
Bird’s-foot

Question 25

Avulsion

Answer 25

Delta jumps to a new channel.

Question 26

Deltas

Answer 26

represent sedimentary accumulations at base level.

Question 27

Hypsometric curve

Answer 27

Shows you at what depth or elevation surface exists.

Question 28

What drives currents?

Answer 28

Sun warms water, water expands and becomes less dense.

Question 29

Surface Currents

Answer 29

Upper 100M of the water, due to wind.

Question 30

Gyres

Answer 30

Spiral by coriolis deflection into large gyres.

Question 31

Coriolis Effect

Answer 31

Makes things turn

Question 32

Upwelling

Answer 32

Wind blows off the land, blows water away, water upwells to “fill the hole”.

Question 33

Thermohaline circulation

Answer 33

Thermo –> temperature
Haline –> salinity

The things that changes the density of the water.