Embryology Flashcards
Wolffian duct becomes…
SEED
seminal vesicle
epidydimus
ejaculatory duct
ductus deferens
NOT THE PROSTATE
Female remnant is the Garnder duct
Kartagener syndrome (1° ciliary dyskinesia)
immotile cilia due to a dynein arm defect. Results in male and female infertility due to immotile sperm and dysfunctional fallopian tube cilia, respectively; risk of ectopic pregnancy. Can cause bronchiectasis, recurrent sinusitis, and situs inversus (e.g., dextrocardia on CXR).
Mechanism of fetal alcohol syndrome and presentation
Inhibition of cell migration
Highest risk during 3-8 week of gestation (time of organogenesis)
Presentaiton: incidence of congenital abnormalities, including pre- and postnatal developmental retardation, microcephaly, facial abnormalities (e.g., smooth philtrum, hypertelorism), limb dislocation, heart defects. Heart-lung fistulas and holoprosencephaly in most severe form.
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Blocked degradation of branched amino
acids (Isoleucine, Leucine, Valine) due to α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex defect and/or B1 defect. Causes α-ketoacids in the blood, especially those of leucine.
-Causes severe CNS defects, intellectual disability, and death, dystonia
Treatment: restriction of isoleucine, leucine, valine in diet, and thiamine supplementation.
AR