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1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 > Forelimb Structures > Flashcards

Forelimb Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What are the centres of ossification in the scapula?

A

Body

Supraglenoid tubercle

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2
Q

What are the 5 ossification centres in the humerus?

A

Body, proximal epiphysis, medial epi condyle, 2 in lateral epicondylitis

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3
Q

Which spinal nerves supply the brachial plexus?

A

C6-T2

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4
Q

Which muscles are not supplied by the brachial plexus (C6-T2)

A

Brachiocephalicus
Trapezius
Rhomboideus

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5
Q

What are the types of joints and where are they found?

A

Fibrous joint - skull sutures
Cartilagenous joint - pelvic symphysis
Synovial joint - most

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6
Q

Synovial joints contain hyaline cartilage. What is the function of this?

A

Reduce friction

Make the joint flexible

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7
Q

Describe hyaline cartilage in terms of nerve/blood supply

A

Avascular

No nerve endings

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8
Q

What is found within a synovial joint?

A

Synovial fluid produced by synovial membrane

Within joint capsule

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9
Q

What is the function of synovial fluid?

A

Lubrication

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10
Q

Ligaments connect bone to bone to form joints. What are ligaments made up from?

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue

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11
Q

What do collateral ligaments do?

A

Connect bones on the medial/lateral aspects of a joint

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12
Q

What is found between the radius and ulna, and the interosseus space?

A

Fibrous joints

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13
Q

What shape is the cat olecranon?

A

Square

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14
Q

What are the 3 centres of ossification in the radius?

A

Proximal epiphyses
Body
Distal epiphyses

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15
Q

What is an epiphyses?

A

The end of a long bone

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16
Q

What is dysplasia?

A

Abnormal development

17
Q

How many blood vessels are found in each digit?

A

4

18
Q

Which joints have the most and least movement in the distal brachial region?

A

Most - antebrachio-carpal joint

Least - carpo-metacarpal joint

19
Q

The claw is also called? What is this within?

A

Ungual process

Ungual crest

20
Q

What are the centres of ossification for the phalanges?

A

2 per bone

Except distal phalanx - 1

21
Q

Which structure keeps cat claws hidden in a sheath? Why?

A

Strong elastic ligament

Keep sharp

22
Q

The footpad is made up of which pads?

A

Accessory/carpal
Metacarpal
Digital pads

23
Q

What is the function of the footpads?

A

Shock absorption
Protection
Traction
Support

24
Q

The claw contains what layers?

A

Dermis
Germination layer
Epidermis
Stratum tectorum

25
Q

What is the stratum tectorum?

A

Waterproof layer outside of the claw

26
Q

In which layer of the claw are blood vessels and nerves found?

A

Dermis (quick)

27
Q

The epidermis is highly…

A

Keratinised (horn)

28
Q

Where are the lymph nodes in the forelimb found?

A

Prescapular

Auxiliary

1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 (54 decks)

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