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KIN 207 > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Spontaneous:

A

movements not caused by known external stimuli

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2
Q

Reflexive:

A

stereotypical responses elicited by specific external stimuli

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3
Q

Original theory for spontaneous behaviour:

A
  • extraneous

- no purpose

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4
Q

Current theory for spontaneous behaviour:

A
  • building blocks

- similar to some voluntary movements

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5
Q

Examples of spontaneous behaviour:

A
  • spontaneous arm movements (resemble reaching)

- spontaneous kicking (resembles adult walking)

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6
Q

3 categories of reflexes:

A
  • primitive
  • postural
  • locomotor
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7
Q

Reflexive movements occur quickly after onset of _____.

A

stimuli

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8
Q

Reflexes involve _____ muscle or ____ ____ of muscles (not ____ ____)

A
  • single muscle
  • specific group
  • whole body
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9
Q

Reflexes cannot be ______ at any one time.

A

extinguished

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10
Q

Persistence of some reflexes may indicate ______ _____.

A

neurological problems

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11
Q

ATNR =

A

asymmetrical tonic neck reflex

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12
Q

ATNR starting position:

A

supine

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13
Q

ATNR stimulus:

A

turn head to one side

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14
Q

ATNR response:

A

same-side arm and leg extend

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15
Q

ATNR time:

A

prenatal to 4 months

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16
Q

ATNR warning signs:

A

persistence after 6 months

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17
Q

Palmer grasp reflex stimulus:

A

touch palm with finger or object

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18
Q

Palmer grasp reflex response:

A

hand closes tightly around finger or object

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19
Q

Palmer grasp reflex warning signs:

A
  • persistence after 1 year

- asymmetrical reflex

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20
Q

STNR =

A

symmetrical tonic neck reflex

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21
Q

STNR starting position:

A

infant starts in supported sitting position

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22
Q

STNR stimulus:

A
  • extend head and neck

- flex head and neck

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23
Q

STNR response:

A
  • arms extend and legs flex

- arms flex and legs extend

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24
Q

Moro starting position:

A

supine

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25
Q

Moro stimulus:

A

shake head as by tapping pillow

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26
Q

Moro response:

A
  • arms and legs extend
  • fingers spread
  • then arms and legs flex
27
Q

Moro warning signs:

A
  • presence after 6 months

- asymmetrical reflex

28
Q

Later infancy has ____ control of movements.

A

voluntary (intentional)

29
Q

Later infancy has understanding of _____ and _____ in the environment.

A
  • environment

- objects

30
Q

Later infancy has ______ interactions with others.

A

meaningful

31
Q

Later infancy has _______ reactions.

A

postural

32
Q

Postural reactions begin around:

A

2-4 months

33
Q

Postural reactions help maintain ______ in changing _______.

A
  • posture

- environment

34
Q

Postural reactions are initially similar to ______, then incorporated into _____ ____.

A
  • reflexes

- general repertoire

35
Q

Labyrinthine righting reflex starting position:

A

infant is supported upright

36
Q

Labyrinthine righting reflex stimulus:

A

tilt infant

37
Q

Labyrinthine righting reflex response:

A

head moves to stay upright

38
Q

Labyrinthine righting reflex time:

A

2-12 months

39
Q

Derotative righting reflex starting position:

A

supine

40
Q

Derotative righting reflex stimulus:

A
  • turn legs and pelvis to one side

- tuen head sideways

41
Q

Derotative righting reflex response:

A
  • trunk and head follow rotation

- body follows head in rotation

42
Q

Derotative righting reflex time:

A

from 4 months

43
Q

Parachute reflex starting position:

A

infant is held upright

44
Q

Parachute reflex stimulus:

A
  • lower infant toward ground rapidly
  • tilt forward
  • tilt sideways
  • tilt backward
45
Q

Parachute reflex response:

A
  • legs extend
  • arms extend
  • arms extend
  • arms extend
46
Q

Parachute reflex time:

A
  • from 4 months
  • from 7 months
  • from 6 months
  • from 9 months
47
Q

Walking alone (textbook) average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 11.7 months

- age range: 9-17 months

48
Q

Walking alone (WHO) age range:

A

8-18 months

49
Q

Standing alone (textbook) average age and age range;

A
  • average age: 11 months

- age range: 9-16 months

50
Q

Standing alone (WHO) age range:

A

7-17 months

51
Q

Walking with assistance (textbook) average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 9.6 months

- age range: 7-12 months

52
Q

Walking with assistance (WHO) age range:

A

6-14 months

53
Q

Hands and knees (creeping) (textbook) average age:

A

10 months

54
Q

Hands and knees (WHO) age range:

A

5-14 months

55
Q

Standing with assistance (textbook) average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 8.6 months

- age range: 6-12 months

56
Q

Standing with assistance (WHO) age range:

A

5-12 months

57
Q

Sitting without support (textbook) average age:

A

7 months

58
Q

Sitting without support (WHO) age range:

A

3.5-9.5 months

59
Q

Lifts head average age:

A

0.1 months

60
Q

Rolls over average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 6.4 months

- age range: 4-10 months

61
Q

Walks backward average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 14.6 months

- age range: 11-20 months

62
Q

Jump off floor (both feet) average age and age range:

A
  • average age: 23.4 months

- age range: 17-30 months

63
Q

Rate limiters or controllers:

A

individual constraints that inhibit or slow attainment of a motor skill

KIN 207 (27 decks)

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