7th Page

Question 1

What are the 5 surface markers of B cell maturation?

Answer 1

CD19, CD45R, CD43, CD24, and C-kit

Question 2

What intracellular proteins are involved in B cell maturation?

Answer 2

TdT, RAG-1, and RAG-2

Question 3

TdT means

Answer 3

Terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase

Question 4

RAG-1 and RAG-2, what does RAG mean?

Answer 4

Recombination-activating gene

Question 5

Code for enzymes involve in gene rearrangement

Answer 5

TdT, RAG-1, RAG-2

Question 6

What is the role of C-Kit on pro-B cells?

Answer 6

C-Kit interacts with stem cell factor (cell surface molecule) found on stromal cells.

Question 7

What gene rearrangement occurs in B cell maturation?

Answer 7

Rearrangement of genes on chromosome 14, coding for the heavy-chain part of the antibody molecule.

Question 8

What occurs during the Pre-B cell stage?

Answer 8

Synthesis of the heavy chain part of the antibody molecule occurs.

Question 9

What is the first heavy chain synthesized in Pre-B cells?

Answer 9

The mu (μ) chain, which belongs to the IgM class.

This chain accumulate in the cytoplasm.

Question 10

What is a characteristic of Pre-B cells regarding light chains?

Answer 10

Pre-B cells may express mu chains on the cell surface along with a Surrogate Light Chain.

Surrogate Light Chain- unusual light chain molecule

Question 11

What indicates the rearrangement of genetic sequences in immature B cells?

Answer 11

The appearance of complete IgM molecules on the cell surface.

(coding for light chains one either Chromosome 2 or 22 has take place this time)

Question 12

receptor for a breakdown product of C33, known s C3d

Answer 12

CD21

Question 13

They are important for interaction of B and T cells

Answer 13

CD4 MHC Class II

(CD4 is primarily a surface marker found on a subset of T cells known as CD4+ T cells)

Question 14

What are the other surface proteins expressed by Pre-B cells?

Answer 14

CD21, CD40, and MHC class II

Question 15

They remain in the spleen to respond quickly to blood-borne pathogens.

Answer 15

Marginal zone B cells

Question 16

These cells migrate to lymph nodes and other secondary organs

Answer 16

Follicular B cells

Question 17

What are the surface markers of mature B cells?

Answer 17

IgM and IgD

Question 18

What is the surface marker of activated T cells?

Answer 18

CD25 (also found on active T cells)

Receptor for IL-2

Question 19

CD25 is the receptor for:

Answer 19

IL-2

CD25 is the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor

Question 20

characterized by abundant cytoplasmic Ig and little to no surface Ig

Answer 20

plasma cells

Question 21

cell that produces antibodies

Answer 21

plasma cells

Question 22

They are not normally found in the blood but are located in germinal centers in peripheral lymphoid organs

Answer 22

Plasma cells

Question 23

What is the role of antigen-independent activation in B cells?

Answer 23

Bone marrow is involved in antigen-independent activation of B cells.

Question 24

Where does antigen-dependent activation in B cells take place?

Answer 24

primary follicles of peripheral lymphoid tissue

Question 25

Follicular dendritic cells role in antigens

Answer 25

present antigen to B cells and thus play a key role in the immune response

Question 26

Sequence of B cells

Answer 26

Immature to Mature to Activated resulting to Effector B/Plasma cells and memory B cells

Question 27

interleukins that help in the differentiation of B and T cells

Answer 27

IL-7

Question 28

kappa (κ) K2

Answer 28

chromosome 2 Kappa light chains are one of the two types of light chains that can be paired with heavy chains to form antibodies.

Question 28

lambda (λ) L22

Answer 28

chromosome 22 The lambda light chain genes are located on chromosome 22. second type of light chains found in antibodies.

Question 29

What are examples of T-Independent antigens?

Answer 29

plant lectins polymerized protein lipopolysaccharides in bacterial cell walls.

Question 30

What is the result of T-Independent antigen activation?

Answer 30

produce IgM only because the induction of memory cells does not occur to any great extent.

Question 31

What are the stages of B cell development?

Answer 31

Pro-B cell Pre-B cell Immature B cell Activated B cell Mature B cell Plasma cells

Question 32

What are the surface markers associated with Pro-B cells?

Answer 32

Surface markers include c-Kit, CD45R, CD19, CD24, Ig-alpha/Ig-beta, IL-7R, CD43, CD25, mIgM, and mIgD.

Question 33

B cells can be activated to produced:

Answer 33

T-Dependent and T-Independent Antigens

Question 34

T-Independent Antigens

Answer 34

Able to interact with multiple imunoglobins receptors on B cells to cross-link them and induce proliferation sand antibody productioj

Question 35

T-Dependent Antigens being activated

Answer 35

T helper cells bind to the B cell through antigen receptor and through CD40 on the B cell and CD40L on the activated Th cell.

Question 36

Guess what Ig: Secondary G2

Answer 36

IgG

Question 37

Guess what Ig: Chronic

Answer 37

IgG

Question 38

Guess what Ig: anamnestic

Answer 38

IgG anamnestic refers to a type of immune response that occurs upon re-exposure to an antigen that the immune system has previously encountered

Question 39

Guess what Ig: primary

Answer 39

IgM

Question 40

Guess what Ig: warm

Answer 40

IgG

Question 41

Guess what Ig: acute

Answer 41

IgM

Question 42

Guess what Ig: cold

Answer 42

IgM

Question 43

Guess what Ig: cold-reacting antibody

Answer 43

IgM

Question 44

Guess what Ig: agglutinating

Answer 44

IgM

Question 45

Guess what Ig: non-agglutinating

Answer 45

IgG