Modalities of sensation

Question 1

What is a tonic receptor?

Answer 1

Slowly adapting receptors, responding to a stimulus as long as it persists and producing a continuous high frequency of action potentials

Question 2

What is a phasic receptor?

Answer 2

Rapidly adapting receptor, responding quickly to stimuli but stopping upon continual stimulation. Therefore action potential frequency decreases during prolonged stimulation

Question 3

Are nociceptors phasic or tonic?

Answer 3

Phasic

Question 4

What do nociceptors respond to?

Answer 4

Noxious stimuli

Question 5

Where are nociceptors found?

Answer 5

On the ends of type A gamma fibres and Cfibres

Question 6

What are the four types of nociceptors?

Answer 6

Mechanical, thermal, chemical, polymodal

Question 7

Are merkel’s discs tonic or phasic?

Answer 7

Tonic

Question 8

Are meissner’s corpuscles tonic or phasic?

Answer 8

Phasic

Question 9

Are pacinian corpuscles tonic or phasic?

Answer 9

Phasic

Question 10

Are ruffini end-organs tonic or phasic?

Answer 10

Tonic

Question 11

Where are merkels discs found?

Answer 11

In the skin, near the border of the dermis and epidermis

Question 12

Where are meissner’s corpuscles found?

Answer 12

Dermis of the skin, namely the palms, soles of the feet, lips and tongue

Question 13

Where are pacinian corpuscles found?

Answer 13

The dermis, hypodermis, ligaments and external genitalia

Question 14

Where are ruffini end-organs found?

Answer 14

Dermis

Question 15

Where are muscle spindles found?

Answer 15

Skeletal muscle

Question 16

Where are golgi tendon organs found?

Answer 16

Skeletal muscle

Question 17

What are the different mechanoreceptors ?(6)

Answer 17

Merkels discs
Meissners corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles 
Ruffini end-organs
Muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs

Question 18

What do merkel’s discs respond to?

Answer 18

Pressure and texture and shape of objects

Question 19

What do meissner’s corpuscles respond to?

Answer 19

Two-point discrimination and fine touch

Question 20

What do pacinian corpuscles respond to?

Answer 20

Pressure changes and vibration

Question 21

What do ruffini end-organs respond to?

Answer 21

Stretch

Question 22

What do muscle spindles respond to?

Answer 22

Stretch

Question 23

What do golgi tendon organs respond to?

Answer 23

Stretch

Question 24

Are there more warm or cold receptors?

Answer 24

Cold receptors

Question 25

What are the 5 components of a reflex arc?

Answer 25

Receptor (muscle spindle), afferent fibre (muscle spindle afferent), integration centre (lamina IX of spinal cord), efferent fibre (Alpha motoneurone), effector (muscle)