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FIP > 7. Amyloidosis > Flashcards

7. Amyloidosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is amyloid?

A

Misfolded protein deposits between cells which interrupt organs

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2
Q

How does amyloid appear on H&E?

A

Pink blobs with no nucleus

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3
Q

What is the composition of amyloid?

A

Non-branching fibrils (beta pleated sheet)
Nonfibrillar pentagonal glycoprotein
Proteoglycans

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4
Q

What other stain and technique is used to diagnose amyloidosis?

A

Green birefringence under polarised light when stained with Congo red

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5
Q

What is AL amyloidosis?

A

Amyloid light chain

Over production of immunoglobulin light chains

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6
Q

What disease is AL amyloidosis associated with?

A

Myeloma

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7
Q

How could AL amyloidosis be detected on serum electrophoresis?

A

M protein spike

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8
Q

What organs are commonly affected by AL amyloidosis?

A

Kidneys

Heart

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9
Q

What is the treatment for AL amyloidosis?

A

Stem cell transplant

Chemo

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10
Q

What is AA amyloidosis?

A

Liver produces SAA which is an acute phase response protein in response to chronic inflammation
This becomes AA amyloid

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11
Q

What diseases is AA amyloidosis associated with?

A

RA
Chronic infections
Neoplasms

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12
Q

What clinical consequences are associated with AA amyloidosis?

A 
Renal disease
Infection
Heart failure
Bowel perforation
GI bleeding
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13
Q

How is AA amyloidosis treated?

A

By treating underlying inflammation

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14
Q

What age range is amyloidosis most common in?

A

50-60

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15
Q

How might the kidneys present with amyloidosis?

A

Proteinuria
Nephrotic syndrome
Renal insufficiency

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16
Q

How might the heart present with amyloidosis?

A

Heart failure

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

17
Q

How might the liver present with amyloidosis?

A

High LFTs

Hepatomegaly

18
Q

How might the GIT present with amyloidosis?

A

Malabsorption

19
Q

How might the spleen present with amyloidosis?

A

Dysfunction

Abnormal RBCs

20
Q

What do organs with amyloidosis look like?

A

Enlarged
Pale and grey
‘Waxy’

21
Q

How might the tongue present amyloidosis?

A

Macroglossia

22
Q

How might synovial tissue present amyloidosis?

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

23
Q

What are 2 examples of localised amyloidosis?

A

Endocrine related

Intercerebral

FIP (36 decks)

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