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Physiology Exam 2 Endocrine (Shelby) > Adrenal - pathways only!! > Flashcards

Adrenal - pathways only!! Flashcards

1
Q

What two end products can be made from 17-hydroxyprogesterone?

A

cortisol

androstenedione

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2
Q

What does 21B hydroxylase do in the zona glomerulosa only?

A

progesterone —-> 11-deoxycorticosterone

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3
Q

Synthesis of ____ and _____ is under pituitary ACTH control.

Synthesis of _______ is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system

A

Synthesis of CORTISOL and ADRENAL ANDROGENS is under pituitary ACTH control.

Synthesis of ALDOSTERONE is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system

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4
Q

Fill in the blank

pregnenolone —> ___________ —> 11-deoxycorticosterone (11-DOC)

A

progesterone

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5
Q

Fill in the blank

cholesterol —-> ____________ —> progesterone

A

pregnenolone

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6
Q

Cathecholamines are produced in the ______

A

adrenal medulla

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7
Q

What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to 11-deoxycortisol

which zone?

A

21-B hydroxylase

zona fasiculata only

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8
Q

What converts dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to androstendione?

Which zone?

A

3B- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

zona reticularis only

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9
Q

What converts pregnenolone to progesterone?

What part of the cell?

A

3B hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

sER

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10
Q

What two things does 17,20 lyase enzyme do?

Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

A

17-hydroxypregnenolone —> dehydroepiandroserone

17-hydroxyprogesterone –> androstenedione

zona reticularis ONLY

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11
Q

How is cholesterol transferred from the mitochondria to the inner mitochondrial membrane

A

StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)

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12
Q

What converts 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol

Which zone?

A

11-B hydroxylase

zona fasiculata only

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13
Q

Fill in the blank

progesterone —-> ________ —> 11-deoxycortisol

A

17-hydroxyprogesterone

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14
Q

The adrenal medulla is under the control of the:

A

sympathetic nervous system

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15
Q

What converts 11-deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone?

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

A

11-B-hydroxylase

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

mitochondria

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16
Q

What converts progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

A

21B hydroxylase

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

sER

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17
Q

Fill in the blank

11-deoxycorticosterone —> ___________ —> aldosterone

A

corticosterone

18
Q

Fill in the blank

17-hydroxyprogesterone —> __________ —> cortisol

A

11-deoxycortisol

19
Q

What converts corticosterone to aldosterone?

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

A

aldosterone synthase

zona glomerulosa ONLY

mitochondria

20
Q

Aldosterone is produced in the zona ________

A

glomerulosa

21
Q

All steroids of the adrenal cortex have 21 carbons except for _____ and _____, which have 19 carbons

A

androstendione
DHEA

(both in the zona reticularis)

22
Q

What stimulates the enzyme desmolase to convert cholesterol to pregnenolone

A

ACTH

23
Q

What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione?

Which zone?

A

17,20 lyase

zona reticularis only

24
Q

What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Which zone?

A

17,20 lyase

zona reticularis only

25
Q

What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make aldosterone?

What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make androstenedione?

A

aldosterone synthase

17,20 lyase

26
Q

What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?

Which zone?

A

17-a-hydroxylase

zona fasiculata, zona reticularis

27
Q

Fill in the blank

17-hydroxypregnenolone —> __________ —> androstenedione

A

dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

or

17-hydroxyprogesterone

28
Q

What two things can progesterone be converted into?

A

11-deoxycorticosterone

17-hydroxyprogesterone

29
Q

What two things does 21B hydroxylase enzyme do?

Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

A

progesterone —> 11-deoxycorticosterone

17-hydroxyprogesterone —> 11-deoxycortisol

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

30
Q

Adrenal androgens (DHEAs) are produced in the zona ________

A

reticularis

31
Q

Why can pregnenolone only be converted to progesterone (and not 17-hydroxypregnenolone) in the zona glomerulosa

A

zona glomerulosa does not contain 17-a-hydroxylase

32
Q

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________

A

fasciculata

33
Q

What is the rate limiting step of adrenal steroid synthesis?

What is it dependent on?

A

cholesterol converted to pergnenoline by desmolase

dependent on: StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)

34
Q

Fill in the blank

progesterone —-> ____________ —> corticosterone

A

11-deoxycorticosterone

35
Q

Why are steroids synthesized in certain layers of the cortex of the adrenal gland?

A

based on the presence or absence of enzymes within the different layers of the cortex

36
Q

Mobilization of cholesterol is first mediated by: (3 things)

A
  1. ACTH
  2. ANG 2 receptor
  3. K+ channels
37
Q

What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?

Which zone?

A

17-a hydroxylase

zona fasiculata + zona reticularis

38
Q

What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?

Which zone?

A

3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

zona fasiculata and zona reticularis

39
Q

Fill in the blank

pregnenolone —> _________ —> 17-hydroxyprogesterone

A

progesterone

AND

17-hydroxyprenenolone

40
Q

What three things does 3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme do?

Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

A

pregnenolone —> progesterone

17-hydroxypregnenolone —> 17-hydroxyprogesterone

dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) —> androstenedione

ALL THREE ZONES

41
Q

What two things does 11B hydroxylase enzyme do?

Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

A

11-deoxycorticosterone —> corticosterone

11-deoxycortisol —> cortisol

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

42
Q

Enzyme that converts

cholesterol ——> pregnenolone

A

desmolase

Physiology Exam 2 Endocrine (Shelby) (11 decks)

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