Adrenal - pathways only!!

Question 1

What two end products can be made from 17-hydroxyprogesterone?

Answer 1

cortisol

androstenedione

Question 2

What does 21B hydroxylase do in the zona glomerulosa only?

Answer 2

progesterone —-> 11-deoxycorticosterone

Question 3

Synthesis of ____ and _____ is under pituitary ACTH control.

Synthesis of _______ is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system

Answer 3

Synthesis of CORTISOL and ADRENAL ANDROGENS is under pituitary ACTH control.

Synthesis of ALDOSTERONE is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system

Question 4

Fill in the blank

pregnenolone —> ___________ —> 11-deoxycorticosterone (11-DOC)

Answer 4

progesterone

Question 5

Fill in the blank

cholesterol —-> ____________ —> progesterone

Answer 5

pregnenolone

Question 6

Cathecholamines are produced in the ______

Answer 6

adrenal medulla

Question 7

What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to 11-deoxycortisol

which zone?

Answer 7

21-B hydroxylase

zona fasiculata only

Question 8

What converts dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to androstendione?

Which zone?

Answer 8

3B- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

zona reticularis only

Question 9

What converts pregnenolone to progesterone?

What part of the cell?

Answer 9

3B hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

sER

Question 10

What two things does 17,20 lyase enzyme do?

Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

Answer 10

17-hydroxypregnenolone —> dehydroepiandroserone

17-hydroxyprogesterone –> androstenedione

zona reticularis ONLY

Question 11

How is cholesterol transferred from the mitochondria to the inner mitochondrial membrane

Answer 11

StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)

Question 12

What converts 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol

Which zone?

Answer 12

11-B hydroxylase

zona fasiculata only

Question 13

Fill in the blank

progesterone —-> ________ —> 11-deoxycortisol

Answer 13

17-hydroxyprogesterone

Question 14

The adrenal medulla is under the control of the:

Answer 14

sympathetic nervous system

Question 15

What converts 11-deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone?

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

Answer 15

11-B-hydroxylase

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

mitochondria

Question 16

What converts progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

Answer 16

21B hydroxylase

zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

sER

Question 17

Fill in the blank

11-deoxycorticosterone —> ___________ —> aldosterone

Answer 17

corticosterone

Question 18

Fill in the blank

17-hydroxyprogesterone —> __________ —> cortisol

Answer 18

11-deoxycortisol

Question 19

What converts corticosterone to aldosterone?

Which zone?

Which part of the cell?

Answer 19

aldosterone synthase

zona glomerulosa ONLY

mitochondria

Question 20

Aldosterone is produced in the zona ________

Answer 20

glomerulosa

Question 21

All steroids of the adrenal cortex have 21 carbons except for _____ and _____, which have 19 carbons

Answer 21

androstendione
DHEA

(both in the zona reticularis)

Question 22

What stimulates the enzyme desmolase to convert cholesterol to pregnenolone

Answer 22

ACTH

Question 23

What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione?

Which zone?

Answer 23

17,20 lyase

zona reticularis only

Question 24

What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Which zone?

Answer 24

17,20 lyase

zona reticularis only

Question 25

What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make aldosterone? What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make androstenedione?

Answer 25

aldosterone synthase 17,20 lyase

Question 26

What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone? Which zone?

Answer 26

17-a-hydroxylase zona fasiculata, zona reticularis

Question 27

# Fill in the blank 17-hydroxypregnenolone ---> __________ ---> androstenedione

Answer 27

dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or 17-hydroxyprogesterone

Question 28

What two things can progesterone be converted into?

Answer 28

11-deoxycorticosterone | 17-hydroxyprogesterone

Question 29

What two things does 21B hydroxylase enzyme do? Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

Answer 29

progesterone ---> 11-deoxycorticosterone 17-hydroxyprogesterone ---> 11-deoxycortisol zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

Question 30

Adrenal androgens (DHEAs) are produced in the zona ________

Answer 30

reticularis

Question 31

Why can pregnenolone only be converted to progesterone (and not 17-hydroxypregnenolone) in the zona glomerulosa

Answer 31

zona glomerulosa does not contain 17-a-hydroxylase

Question 32

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________

Answer 32

fasciculata

Question 33

What is the rate limiting step of adrenal steroid synthesis? What is it dependent on?

Answer 33

cholesterol converted to pergnenoline by desmolase dependent on: StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)

Question 34

# Fill in the blank progesterone ----> ____________ ---> corticosterone

Answer 34

11-deoxycorticosterone

Question 35

Why are steroids synthesized in certain layers of the cortex of the adrenal gland?

Answer 35

based on the presence or absence of enzymes within the different layers of the cortex

Question 36

Mobilization of cholesterol is first mediated by: (3 things)

Answer 36

1. ACTH 2. ANG 2 receptor 3. K+ channels

Question 37

What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone? Which zone?

Answer 37

17-a hydroxylase zona fasiculata + zona reticularis

Question 38

What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone? Which zone?

Answer 38

3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase zona fasiculata and zona reticularis

Question 39

# Fill in the blank pregnenolone ---> _________ ---> 17-hydroxyprogesterone

Answer 39

progesterone AND 17-hydroxyprenenolone

Question 40

What three things does 3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme do? Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

Answer 40

pregnenolone ---> progesterone 17-hydroxypregnenolone ---> 17-hydroxyprogesterone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ---> androstenedione ALL THREE ZONES

Question 41

What two things does 11B hydroxylase enzyme do? Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?

Answer 41

11-deoxycorticosterone ---> corticosterone 11-deoxycortisol ---> cortisol zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata

Question 42

Enzyme that converts cholesterol ------> pregnenolone

Answer 42

desmolase