Ageing and Healthcare Flashcards Preview

Y3S1 NEURO > Ageing and Healthcare > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ageing and Healthcare Deck (10)
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1
Q

the molecular theory of ageing

A
  • gene methylation
  • histone modification e.g. by acetylation to regulate transcription of DNA and ‘spool’ DNA
  • accumulation of mutations

genes can be amplified or suppressed

2
Q

theory of ageing - cellular

A
  • telomere shortening so there is loss of chromosome caps
  • free radical damage to DNA
  • apoptosis - programmed cell death
3
Q

theory of ageing - environmental and evolutionary

A
  • wear and tear = develop the inability ro regenerate damaged tissue
  • cumulative uv and ionising radiation damage
  • disposable soma = no evolutionary advantage to survival beyond reproduction and rearing children
4
Q

ageing population

A

60-75 predicted increase over the next decade or so

5
Q

as age increases…

A

so do the number of health conditions an individual has

- be aware that medications may be for symptoms or risk reduction

6
Q

what factors link disease to the deprivation index

A
  • smoking
  • alcohol
  • diet and obesity
  • housing
7
Q

what is the ‘holistic approach’ to medicine

A

trying to see the whole person, treating their physical, psychological, social, functional and well being

8
Q

frailty

A

a clinically recognisable state of increased vulnerability resulting from ageing associated decline in reserve and function across multiple physiologic systems such that the ability to cope with everyday or acute stressors is compromised

9
Q

phenotype of frailty

A
  • unintentional weight loss
  • reduced muscle strength
  • reduces gait speed
  • self supported exhaustion
  • low energy expenditure

some people have additional issues of poor vision/hearing, low mood, cognitive impairment

10
Q

frailty scoring system

A
  • edmonton frail scale - 9 aspects
  • TUG test - timed up and go

walk three meters, and return to chair in less than 10 s

  • Gait speed - 4m in >5 seconds