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promotion of health & wellness > aging > Flashcards

aging Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

even with the healthiest behavior and environment, _____ inevitably occurs

A

biological aging

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2
Q

old, older, elderly

A

65+

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3
Q

the changes that occur in an organism over time

A

aging

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4
Q

reduction in the body’s potential to repair and regenerate tissue

A

biological aging

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5
Q

the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes

A

psychological aging

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6
Q

the shifts in relationships and societal roles as a person ages

A

social aging

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7
Q

the scientific study of the physical changes that occur with aging

A

gerontology

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8
Q

hypothesizes that bodies age because of a hardwired pattern of shifts in gene expression that have been programmed through evolution

A

programmed aging

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9
Q

postulates that environmental exposures such as disease, toxins, and natural radiation cause genetic and cellular damage that eventually exceeds the capacity of our bodies’ repair systems

A

damage-related aging

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10
Q

diseases that become increasingly common with advancing age

A

cancer, CVD, arthritis, diabetes, dementia

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11
Q

risk of disease is lessened if

A

follow lifelong healthy habits

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12
Q

life-enhancing behaviors

A

o Don’t smoke
o Challenge your mind
o Stay physically fit
o Eat a nutritious diet
o Maintain a healthy weight
o Limit drinking and dependence on medications
o Schedule preventative care
o Recognize and reduce stress
o Nurture social relationships

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13
Q

retirement changes

A

plan for new activities, loss of identity, less disposable income

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14
Q

empty nest changes

A

more time alone with partner

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15
Q

death/divorce changes

A

more time alone

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16
Q

changes of aging: roles and relationships

A

retirement, empty nest, death/divorce

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17
Q

changes of aging: physical

A

hearing loss, vision changes, arthritis, osteoporosis, increased risk for falls, changes in sexual functioning

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18
Q

vision changes

A

distinguishing colors, glaucoma, AMD, cataracts

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19
Q

osteoporosis is a ___ person problem

A

young

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20
Q

general term for loss of cognitive function that interferes with daily life and causes loss of functional independence

A

dementia

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21
Q

progressive brain disorder that damages and destroys brain cells

A

alzheimers

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22
Q

most common disease leading to dementia

A

alzheimers

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23
Q

due to cerebrovascular disease, impaired blood flow

A

vascular dementia

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24
Q

unpredictable levels of cognitive, ability, attention, or alertness

A

dewy-body dementia

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25
lewy-body dementia
changes n walking or movement, visual hallucinations
26
___ and ___ can be difficult to differ in older adults
depression, dementia
27
depression can happen in older people due to
grief, chronic health condition, unrelieved pain, changes in social and financial situaitons
28
emotional response to loss
grief
29
grief can happen with
death of family/friends, loss of physical capabilities/appearance, loss of material wealth
30
for about half of seniors, social security provides ___% of their income; for about 1/4 seniors, it provides ___%
50, 90
31
average length of time a person is expected to live
life expectancy
32
people age 65+ are a large minority, ___%
16
33
fixed income
social security
34
government program that provides financial assistance to retirees, disabled persons, and families of retired, disabled, deceased workers
social security
35
largest expense
health care
36
family and community in aging
help remain active and independent
37
bulk of caregiving by
family members
38
government aid and policies
food assistance, housing subsidies, social security, medicare, medicaid
39
acute health services for older adults and people with disabilities
medicare
40
some preventative services with medicare
initial physical exam, vaccinations, screenings
41
not covered with medicare
office visits, dental care, dentures
42
when resources are exhausted, can apply for
medicaid
43
provides medical insurance to low-income people of any age
medicaid
44
biological process of aging, a complex process rooted in genetics
senescence
45
when the heart stops beating and breathing ceases
clinical death
46
___ systems have affected clinical definitions
life-support
47
complete and irreversible loss of function of the entire brain, including brain stem
brain death
48
gradual process that occurs when heartbeat, respiration, and brain activity have stopped, and includes breakdown of metabolic processes
cellular death
49
method of defining death can have
legal, ethical, social consequences
50
understanding and attitude about death changes as we
mature
51
children understand death is final around age
6-9
52
mature and understanding of death
conscious recognition that death is final, universal, and inevitable
53
survive in some form after death
non corporeal continuity
54
Americans tend to ___ death
deny
55
legal instrument expressing intentions and wishes for the disposition property after death
will
56
money, property, and other possessions
estate
57
the person who makes a will
testator
58
when a person dies intestate (without a will)
property is distributed according to rules of the state
59
document that includes information about personal affairs
testamentary letter
60
express wishes about medical treatment
advance directives
61
instructions about the type of medical care they wish to receive (or not) if incapacitated or otherwise unable to participate in treatment decisions
living will
62
designates another person to make decisions about medical treatment if you become unable to do so
health care proxy (power of attorney)
63
every day ___ people on transplant list die
17
64
donate a single kidney, parts of organs, and blood and bone marrow
living donors
65
the only sources of hearts, whole lungs, or other body parts that cannot be removed from living donors
deceased donors
66
one deceased donor can save up to ___ lives through organ donation and can save the quality of life for more than ____
8, 75
67
preference of most people near the end of their life
homecare
68
system of palliative care
hospice
69
collaborative, team-based approach to treatment that aims to prevent and relieve suffering in patients with serious or life-threatening illness
end of life care
70
the overarching goal of palliative care is to
improve quality of life for the patient and their family
71
end of life decision
to prolong or end life
72
a condition of extensive and irreversible brain damage with absence of higher brain function for an extended period
persistent vegetative state
73
persistent vegetative state: a person may have ___ but lacks ___
sleep-wake cycles, occasional eye opening and movement; awareness, any cognitive function
74
withholding or withdrawing treatment
right of a component patient to refuse unwanted treatment
75
physician provides a prescription for a lethal dose of medication
physician-assisted death
76
harmful effect of treatment, even if it results in death, is permissible if not intended and occurs on a side effect of beneficial action
"double effect"
77
intentional act of killing someone who would otherwise suffer
active euthanasia
78
voluntary active euthanasia legal in
Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, canada
79
sedating patients so they are unconscious or semiconscious until pain is under control, or they pass
palliative sedation
80
kubler-ross 5 psychological stages of dealing with death
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
81
four primary dimensions in coping with dying
physical, psychological, social, spiritual
82
satisfying bodily needs and minimizing distress
physical
83
maximizing security, autonomy, richness in living
psychological
84
sustaining significant relationships and addressing social implications of dying
social
85
identifying, developing, or reaffirming sources of meaning and fostering hope
spiritual
86
reaction to loss
grief
87
the objective event of loss
bereavement
88
the process of adjustment and creating a new normal
mourning
89
supporting a grieving person
o Be a good listener and refraining from making judgements o Provide food and daily household tasks o Help with other responsibilities o Check in often and just ‘be there’
90
encountering death often brings greater awareness of
preciousness of life
91
coming to terms with death: ____ become more important than things and ____ are reordered
relationships, priorities

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