Agression Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the definition of aggression?
The intention to harm outside the laws of the game or sport
What are the types of aggression?
Hostile aggression
Instrumental aggression
Assertive behaviour
What is hostile aggression?
Primary intention to harm another person inflicted by anger, outside the rules, intention to harm - spear tackle in rugby
What is instrumental aggression?
Aggressive behaviour clearly linked to cause harm, but intention to achieve a different aim, no anger, outside rules - prevent oppo from scoring a goal
What is assertive behaviour?
Does not involve intention to harm, within the rules, competitive drive - rushing the net in tennis
What is the instinct theory on aggression?
Aggressiveness is innate/natural characteristics of humans, it is a necessary development
What is catharsis?
Cleansing of the soul, release of frustration
What are arguments against the instinct theory?
Human aggression is often planned
Levels of aggression tend to increase when playing sport
No biological characteristics have been identified
What is the social learning theories link with aggression?
States that aggression is learned by observing others, or by social reinforcement.
Individuals can learn non-aggressive behaviours or aggressive behaviours
What is the frustration approach theory of aggression?
Frustration leads to aggression
What can cause frustration?
The blocking of a goal orientated behaviour which causes a drive to be aggressive towards the souse of the frustration.
What are disadvantage of the frustration approach theory?
Not everyone who is frustrated gets aggressive.
Aggression often occurs with no evidence of frustration
Doesn’t account for situational factors
What is the cue arousal theory of aggression?
Frustration leads to anger and a readiness for aggressive behaviour. People are only aggressive if this is the learned response through social learning or certain stimuli are present.
What can be a stimuli to cause aggression?
Objects, sports, people and places
What are some causes of aggression?
Over arousal, type of sport, desire to win, frustration, temperature, biased
How can aggression be controlled?
Encourage sportsmanship, develop fitness levels, remove aggressive players, reward non-aggressive acts
What specific strategies can a referee use to reduce aggression?
Remain unbiased, punish aggressive behaviour, be consistent and appropriate with punishment, use authority and control
What specific strategies can a referee use to reduce aggression?
What specific strategies can a coach use to reduce aggression?
Relaxation techniques, reinforce behaviour, punish aggressive behaviour, promote fair play, encourage non-aggressive role models
