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Flashcards in Airway#2 Deck (17)
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0
Q

Eft cuff pressure should be no more than what amount? What risk is posed w/ high cuff pressures?

A

25 mmHg

Mucosal ischemia

1
Q

Combitube cuff pressure

A

Distal / esophageal: 12-20 ml

Proximal: 85-140 ml

2
Q

Men vs women ETT depth in cm

A

Men: 23 cm at teeth
Women: 21 cm at teeth

3
Q

Tube sizes for pre-term & term new borns

A

Preterm: 3.0
Term: 3.5

4
Q

ETT diameter (internal) calculation for pediatrics

A

(Age in years + 16) / 4

5
Q

Rational for us cuffed tubes and age recommendations for pediatrics

A

Prevents sub glottic stenosis and ulceration

Recommended in Children less than 8 years old

6
Q

Define aerophagia

A

Swallowing air while crying (pediatrics)

7
Q

CT ETT level

A

Tip of ETT at T2 to T3 or at level of lower edge of the medial aspect of the clavicle

8
Q

Pediatric needle cric considerations

A

Laryngeal prominence does not develop until late childhood. Take care to not damage cricoid cartilage (only circumferential structure to support larynx)

9
Q

Needle cric o2 goal

A

Short bursts high pressure source - 50 psi

10
Q

Succibylcholine & histamine consideration

A

Release if histamine w/ Succ administration, increases risk of Bronchospasm… Vasodilation?
Vec & Roc = no histamine release

11
Q

Critical blood gas levels

A

PH less than 7.2
PaCO2 greater than 55
PaO2: less than 60

12
Q

Asthma chest film findings

A
  • Hyperinflated lungs: diaphragm relatively flat, costalphrenic angles are blunt / squared off, very dark fields (hypo dense) / not as many lung markings, costals visible on posterior side.
  • Heart is normal sized (pushed a little more mid-line / appears thinner / over inflation of lung is pushing in on heart)
  • Also found w/ asthma, COPD, air trapping of any kind.
13
Q

Dead space ventilation vs Venous Admixture

A

V=Q (1)
DeadSpace: air reaches poorly perfused alveoli
-V>Q (>1)
-PaO2 decreases, PaCO2 increases (ETCO2 decreases?)

Venous Admixture: blood passes through poorly ventilated alveoli. Venous blood mixes w/ arterial.

  • V<1)
  • PaO2 decreases, normal or low PaCO2
14
Q

Pneumonia: consolidation of what?

Antibiotic should be received within:

A

Consolidation of proteins, inflammatory factors

Antibiotics within 4 hours.

15
Q

CHF Chest Film Characteristics

A
  • Hypertrophic heart
  • R&L sides of heart have shaggy borders (pulmonary tree filled w/ fluid & expanding)
  • Cobweb or white lines moving across lungs (Curly A & B lines, vessels engorged w/ fluid, basilar to apex distrubution)
16
Q

ARDS Chest Film

A
  • Cobweb appearance but does not have clear lines as w/ CHF (described as patchy or diffuse)
  • hypodense areas (black areas in 1 or both lungs where aeration is taking place. Typically in middle off main bronchi, not in apexes (as w/ CHF)