Hematology #3 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Hematology #3 Deck (21)
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1
Q

Transfusion reaction: Hemolytic Onset and treatment

A

Onset: Shortly after transfusion
Treatment: stop transfusion, supportive care

2
Q

Transfusion reaction: Anaphylactic Pathology and S/S

A

Pathology: Hypersensitivity

S/S: Urticaria, dyspnea, wheezing

3
Q

Transfusion reaction: anaphylaxis

Onset and treatment

A

Onset: within 30 minutes of transfusion
Treatment: stops transfusion, Epi, steroids

4
Q

Transfusion reaction: Febrile

Pathology and S/S

A

Pathology: antibodies and leukocytes

S/S: fever, chills

5
Q

Transfusion reaction: Febrile

onset and treatment

A

Onset: 30-90 minutes
Treatment: stop transfusion

6
Q

Transfusion reaction: Circulatory overload

Pathology and S/S

A

Pathology: circulatory collapse

S/s: couch, cyanosis

7
Q

Transfusion reaction: circulatory overload

Onset and treatment

A

Onset: anytime
Treatment: stop transfusion, Lasix

8
Q

Transfusion reaction: Hemolytic pathology & s/s

A

Pathology: ABO incompatibility

S/S: Fever, chills, dyspnea and back pain

9
Q

Patient blood type who is the most likely to develop a hemolytic reaction.

A

Type O blood

Can only receive type O

10
Q

What percentage of hemolytic reactions will develop DIC?

A

30-50%

11
Q

Hemolytic reaction treatments

A

Support hemodynamics with fluid and pressers
Maintain renal perfusion and function with fluid and diuretics
Prevention of DIC mainly with pressure support and oxygenation

12
Q

Circulatory overload

A

Blood is colloidal, draws fluid into vascular spac

13
Q

Indications for FFP

A

Coumadin therapy reversal, DIC, Antithrombin III deficiency (extended heparin tx), dilutional coagulopathy (>1 blood volume or 10 units PRBC’s)

14
Q

Ratio given with PRBCs

A

1:4 until 10 units PRBCs then 1:1

15
Q

Dosing for coagulation driven by coags

A

Pt/PTT >1.5 - 1.8 normal

16
Q

Coumadin OD considerations with FFP

A

Coumadin interfes with vit K (needed for clotting factors)
Vit replacement is part of tx
FFP Immediately replaces clotting factors

17
Q

Platelets indication

A

Platelet deficiency

100k

18
Q

One unit platelets will increase platelet count by what?

A

5-10k

19
Q

What is cryoprecipitate?

A

A mixed blood product obtained by separating specific clotting factors from FFP

20
Q

When is cryoprecipitate indicated?

A

DIC, hemophilia A, Von willebrand disease (vWD) or to stop TPA induced bleeding.

21
Q

Cryoprecipitate dose

A

10ml / min

10 units