alkanes and cycloalkanes; conformational and geometric isomerism

Question 1

what are repulsions caused when 2 atoms are too close tgt in space and their valence electrons repel each other

Answer 1

steric interactions

Question 2

in conformational isomers,
what is the smallest ring structure possible

Answer 2

cyclopropane

Question 3

in conformational isomers,
what is the ‘puckered’ conformation

Answer 3

cyclobutane

Question 4

in conformational isomers,
what is the ‘envelope’ conformation

Answer 4

cyclopentane

Question 5

what kind of conformational is more flexible than the cyclopropane and is not flat

Answer 5

cyclobutane

Question 6

what kind of conformational is rigid and very highly strained as the bond angles (60degree) are distorted from ideals (109.5)

Answer 6

cyclopropane

Question 7

what kind of conformational is more reactive than a linear alkane as the strained c-c bonds are easier to break

Answer 7

cyclopropane

Question 8

what kind of conformational is more reactive than a linear alkane as the strained c-c bonds are easier to break (bond angle 90degree)

Answer 8

cyclobutane

Question 9

what kind of conformational is more flexible than cyclobutane and bond angle 105 degree, and less strained

Answer 9

cyclopentane

Question 10

what kind of conformational is ‘chair’ conformation

Answer 10

cyclohexane

Question 11

what kind of conformational is highly flexible and can adopt a strain free non planar conformation with bond angle 109.5

Answer 11

cyclohexane

Question 12

what is the process called when the C-C bonds are single sigma bonds and it is possible to rotate about these bonds

Answer 12

ring version or a ‘chair-chair’ flip

Question 13

what is the generic formula of an alkane

Answer 13

CnH2n+n

Question 14

what are the 3 aliphatic hydrocarbons

Answer 14

alkanes
alkenes
alkynes

Question 15

alkanes are saturated or unsaturated hydroc

Answer 15

saturated

Question 16

what can come in 2 forms, normal (linear) and branched

Answer 16

alkanes

Question 17

what can be found in crude oil and natural gas

Answer 17

hydrocarbon

Question 18

what is a complex mixture of compounds, most of which are hydroc contatining 1-40 C atoms

Answer 18

petroleum

Question 19

what are the 2 classification of hydrocarbos

Answer 19

aliphatic and aromaitc

Question 20

what are aromatic hydrocarbons

Answer 20

benzene

Question 21

in naming of cycloalkanes,
if the branched is smaller or equal to the no. of C in cycloalkanes, it is a ….

Answer 21

cyclic

Question 22

in naming the cycloalkanes, if the branched is bigger than the no. of C in cycloalkaes, it is a…

Answer 22

acyclic

Question 23

which hydrocarbon is most stable and less active

Answer 23

alkanes

Question 24

which hydrocarbon is less stable and more reactive

Answer 24

alkenes

Question 25

which hydrocarbon is least stable and most reactive

Answer 25

alkynes

Question 26

what is the combination of double and triple bonds

Answer 26

enynes

Question 27

general molecular formula of alkanes

Answer 27

Cn H2n+2

Question 28

general molecular formula of alkenes

Answer 28

Cn H2n

Question 29

general molecular formula of alkynes

Answer 29

Cn H2n-2

Question 30

what attractive forces that is within a molecule, connects atom

Answer 30

intramolecular forces

Question 31

what attractive forces that is between molecules

Answer 31

intermolecular forces

Question 32

which attractive fores is stronger

Answer 32

intramolecular forces

Question 33

what types of IMF that attracts between nonpolar, present in all atoms

Answer 33

london dispersion

Question 34

what types of IMF that attracts between polar , attracts between permanent dipoles

Answer 34

dipole dipole

Question 35

what types of IMF that hydrogen bonds with F, O, N

Answer 35

hydrogen bonding

Question 36

what types of IMF that attracts between an ion and polar

Answer 36

ion dipole

Question 37

the shape and the type of IF affects the what of IMF

Answer 37

strength

Question 38

less branched, more surface area has.... IMF

Answer 38

stronger

Question 39

more branched, less surface area has.... IMF

Answer 39

weaker

Question 40

the stronger the IMF...

Answer 40

the higher boiling point lower solubility

Question 41

the strength of IMF affects the

Answer 41

boiling point and solubility

Question 42

which IMF has the weakest IMF and low boiling point

Answer 42

london dispersion

Question 43

which IMF has a strong IMF and high boiling point

Answer 43

dipole dipole

Question 44

which IMF has a strongest IMF and higher boiling point

Answer 44

hydrogen bonding

Question 45

what has the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms

Answer 45

isomers

Question 46

what has the same molecular formula but different arrangements of electrons

Answer 46

resonance

Question 47

which type of isomers has a "mirror image"

Answer 47

identical

Question 48

which type of isomers has the same molecular formula but diff IUPAC name

Answer 48

constitutional/ structural

Question 49

which type of isomers has the same molecular but different arrangement of atoms in space

Answer 49

sterioisomers

Question 50

which has the restricted rotation of c=c double bond

Answer 50

sterioisomers

Question 51

which of these, cis or trans, has a higher boiling point

Answer 51

cis

Question 52

what chemical reaction does alkanes undergo

Answer 52

oxidation-reduction halogenation

Question 53

alkanes only react with

Answer 53

oxygen and halogens

Question 54

what adds C-O bonds in oxidation reduction chemical reactions (O is a reactant)

Answer 54

oxidation

Question 55

what adds C-H bonds in oxidation reduction chemical reactions (O is a by-product)

Answer 55

reduction

Question 56

what is the reactant in combustion of alkanes

Answer 56

oxygen

Question 57

what is the product in combustion of alkanes

Answer 57

CO2 + H2O (release energy: light and heat)

Question 58

which chemical reaction where substitution occurs in the free radical process

Answer 58

halogenation

Question 59

what is the reactants in halogenation

Answer 59

halogens

Question 60

what is the products in halogenation

Answer 60

halogenated alkyl

Question 61

what are free radicals

Answer 61

atoms/ molecules with an odd number of electrons

Question 62

what are the 3 steps of the free radical process in halogenation

Answer 62

initiation propagation termination

Question 63

which process in halogenation where the chain is broken, remaining free radicals is consumed and no new radicals are formed

Answer 63

termination

Question 64

what are the other chemical reactions of alkanes

Answer 64

addition subtraction single replacement/ substitution double replacement combustion (O2 enthusiast)

Question 65

which chemical reactions of alkanes is fr ionic compounds

Answer 65

double replacement

Question 66

name the chemical reactions of alkanes that break the compound

Answer 66

substitution

Question 67

name the chemical reactions of alkanes that exchange cations and anions

Answer 67

double replacement

Question 68

name the chemical reactions of alkanes that burns in oxygen gas. thus release heat and light

Answer 68

combustion