ketones and alcohols

Question 1

what are some common aldehyde and ketones

Answer 1

formaldehyde
acetaldehyde
acetone

Question 2

what is the chemical formula of formaldehyde

Answer 2

HCH=O

Question 3

what is the chemical formula of acetaldehyde

Answer 3

CH3CH=0

Question 4

what is the chemical formula of acetone

Answer 4

(CH3)2C=0

Question 5

what is the simplest aldehyde

Answer 5

formaldehyde

Question 6

what are the 2 methods of synthesis of aldehydes and ketones

Answer 6

oxidation of alcohols
friedel-crafts acylation of an aromatic ring

Question 7

product of pri alcohols in oxidation of alcohols

Answer 7

aldehyde —–> carboxylic acid

Question 8

product of sec alcohols in oxidation of alcohols

Answer 8

ketones

Question 9

what is the reagent used in oxidations of alcohol

Answer 9

PCC

Question 10

product of friedel-crafts acylation of an aromatic ring

Answer 10

aromatic ketones

Question 11

what is aromatic compound

Answer 11

containing a carbonyl group(C=O) bonded with two aromatic alkyl groups

Question 12

the carbonyl group is ____ hybridized

Answer 12

sp2

Question 13

the carbon in carbonyl group is ____

Answer 13

electron poor

Question 14

the oxygen in carbonyl group is ____

Answer 14

electron rich

Question 15

the bond angle of the carbonyl group is

Answer 15

120

Question 16

is the carbonyl group resonance

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

why is the carbonyl group resonance

Answer 17

due to the double bond

Question 18

the carbonyl group is soluble in _____

Answer 18

organic solvent

Question 19

the carbonyl group with 6Cs or less is _____in water

Answer 19

soluble

Question 20

which is more reactive, ketones or aldehydes

Answer 20

aldehydes

Question 21

which is more polarized, ketones or aldehydes

Answer 21

aldehydes

Question 22

in the nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group, it catalyze the addition of weak nucleophiles

Answer 22

acid

Question 23

in the addition of alcohols: hemiacetals and acetals,
what is a nucleophile

Question 24

in the addition of alcohols: hemiacetals and acetals,
ROH is a week N, thus need ___ which is _____

Question 25

what is the reagent in the addition of alcohols: hemiacetals and acetals,

Question 26

is the addition of alcohols: hemiacetals and acetals, a reversible reaction

Question 27

in the addition of alcohols: hemiacetals and acetals, acetals can be converted back to aldehydes/ ketones/ alcohols by _____

Question 28

what is the product of the addition of water; hydration of aldehydes and ketones

Question 29

list the stability of the carbonyl compound according in increasing order

Question 30

what is the products of the addition of Grignard reagents and acetylides

Answer 30

alcohols -depend on the substrate pri alcohols: formaldehyde sec alcohols: other aldehyde tertiary alcohols: ketones

Question 31

what are the reagents used in addition of Grignard reagents and acetylides

Answer 31

organometallic reagents acetylide reagents

Question 32

what is the reagent used in addition of hydrogen cyanide

Answer 32

HCN

Question 33

what is the product of addition of hydrogen cyanide

Answer 33

OH and CN attached to the same C (cyanohydrin)

Question 34

what is the product of addition of nitrogen Nu

Question 35

what is the reduction of carbonyl compounds

Answer 35

metal hydrides: LiAH4 NaBH4

Question 36

oxidation of alcohols of carbonyl group: it is easily oxidized

Question 37

oxidation of alcohols of carbonyl group: what are the oxidizing agents

Question 38

what test can easily oxidize aldehydes

Question 39

for keto-enol tautomerism possible, there needs to be an ____

Question 40

what are the solvents for deuterium exchange in carbonyl compounds

Question 41

the adol condensation is the combination of 2 _____