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2023 SEM 1 INORG & ORG CHEM > stereoisomerism > Flashcards

stereoisomerism Flashcards

1
Q

what have the same order of attachment of atoms but different arrangements of atoms in space

A

stereoisomerism

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2
Q

define stereoisomerism

A

have the same order of attachment of atoms but different arrangements of atoms in space

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3
Q

stereoisomerism is responsible for the significant difference in

A

chemical properties

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4
Q

effectiveness of … depends on stereoisomerism

A

drugs

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5
Q

stereoisomerism may have the presence/ absence of

A

side effects

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6
Q

which has a superimposable image

A

achiral

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7
Q

which do not have a superimposable image

A

chiral

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8
Q

which has a plane of symmetry

A

achiral

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9
Q

which does not have a plane of symmetry

A

chiral

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10
Q

what way is a quick way to tell if it’s chiral or not

A

plane of symmetry

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11
Q

which is able to rotate plane-polarized light

A

chiral (optically active substance)

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12
Q

which is not able to rotate plane-polarized light

A

achiral (optically inactive substance)

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13
Q

carbon with 4 different groups attached to it

A

stereogenic carbon / stereogenic center

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14
Q

what refers to a pair (chiral and mirror image) of molecules related as nonsuperimposable

A

enantiomers

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15
Q

pairs of compounds with exactly the same connectivity but opposite three-dimensional shapes

A

enantiomers

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16
Q

what refers to a plane that passes through a molecule

A

plane of symmetry/ mirror plane

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17
Q

plane of symmetry is where one side of the plane is the…

A

exact reflection of the other side

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18
Q

what is the ARRANGEMENT of 4 groups attached to a stereogenic center

A

configuration

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19
Q

is enantiomers a configuration or opposite configuration

A

opposite configuration

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20
Q

what refers to the specify of the configuration w/o having to draw the structure

A

R-S or Cahn-Inlog-Prelog System

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21
Q

what is the R-S / Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System conditions

A

observe from the side opposite of the lowest priority

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22
Q

how do you arrange them from highest to lowest priority

A

by looking at the atomic number

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23
Q

(R):

A

clockwise

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24
Q

(S):

A

counterclockwise

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25
Q

in the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System, how do u rank them

A

rank the atoms attached too stereogenic center.

26
Q

the higher the atomic number…

A

the higher the priority

27
Q

in Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System, if the first step or decision could not be reached…

A

work outward from stereogenic center

28
Q

in Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System, the double, triple bonds aromatic rings are treated as…

A

as equal no. of single bonds

29
Q

what can contain 0 or 1 or more chirality centers

A

chiral molecule

30
Q

what uses the same priority rule

A

the E-Z convention for cis-trans isomers

31
Q

(E):

A

2 higher group are on the opposite side of double bond

32
Q

(Z):

A

2 higher group are on the same side of double bond

33
Q

what is the instruments used to detect optical activity

A

polarimeter/ spectropolarimeter

34
Q

in the polarized light and optical activity,
what is able to rotate the plane-polarized light

A

optically active substances (chiral)

35
Q

in the polarized light and optical activity,
what is unable to rotate the plane-polarized light

A

optically inactive substances (achiral)

36
Q

in the polarized light and optical activity,
which rotates through an angle a

A

optically active substances (chiral)

37
Q

2 enantiomers rotate plane-polarized light to a same…

A

to a same angle but opposite directions

38
Q

the properties of enantiomers differ only with respect to

A

chirality

39
Q

enantiomers are identical in terms of

A

BP,MP, solubility

40
Q

what is the interchange of any 2 groups that always give the enantiomers

A

stereorepresentations

41
Q

how to determine the absolute (R/S) configuration of stereoisomer

A
  1. check which has the highest priority (make sure that the H is at the vertical line)
  2. know if it’s clockwise or anticlockwise
42
Q

what to do if the lowest priority is at the horizontal lines

A

you could rotate 3 of the 4 groups so that the lowest priority is at the vertical line

43
Q

do compound with more than 1 chirality center have or dont have mirror image

A

have mirror image

44
Q

do stereoisomeric forms have or dont have mirror image

A

dont have mirror image

45
Q

based on my understanding, what is constitutional, configurational and identical

A

constitutional - completely different
configurational - geometric (cis/ trans) same mol. formula but diff attachment of atom
identical - everything is the same

46
Q

An achiral compound with chiral centres

A

meso compounds

47
Q

what are meso compounds

A

An achiral compound with chiral centres

48
Q

what has an internal plane of symmetry that makes it superimposable on its mirror image and is optically inactive

A

meso compound

49
Q

what is an isomers that has the same chemical formula but non superimposable mirror image of e/o

A

enantiomers

50
Q

what is an arrangement of elements in a particular form

A

configuration

51
Q

you automatically have one enantiomers when…

A

you have one chiral center

52
Q

the enantiomers will always have different…

A

configuration

53
Q

in the cahn-ingold-prelog rules, if the lowest priority is at the front…

A

need to reverse the direction.

54
Q

both or all chiral centers has changed
and no internal plane of symmetry

A

enantiomers

55
Q

differ by only one chiral centers

A

diastereomers

56
Q

identical and have an internal plane of symmetry

A

meso compounds

57
Q

in optical activity, positive or negative enantiomers if it rotates towards the right

A

positive

58
Q

in optical activity, positive or negative enantiomers if it rotates towards the left

A

negative

59
Q

if positive enantiomers, is it dextrorotary or levorotatory

A

dextrorotary

60
Q

if negative enantiomers, is it dextrorotary or levorotatory

A

levorotatory

2023 SEM 1 INORG & ORG CHEM (22 decks)

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