ALT, AST, ALP LEC

Question 1

old name of ast

Answer 1

serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase

Question 2

what class does ast belong

Answer 2

transferase

Question 3

coenzyme of ast

Answer 3

pyridoxal phosphate

Question 4

what cycle in ast provide the source of energy

Answer 4

tricarboxylic acid cycle

Question 5

ast has the highest concentration in what tissue source/s

Answer 5

Cardiac tissue
Liver
Skeletal muscle

Question 6

in cytoplasm (got 1) it is mainly from?

Answer 6

RBC and heart

Question 7

in got 1 the predominant form occurring is in

Answer 7

serum

Question 8

in mitochondria (got 2) it is present in

Answer 8

liver

Question 9

T/F: Isoenzyme analysis is routinely performed

Answer 9

F

Question 10

clinical use of ast

Answer 10

Evaluation of hepatocellular
disorders and skeletal muscle
involvement

Question 11

how many ULN in viral hepatitis

Answer 11

100x ULN

Question 12

how many ULN in cirrhosis

Answer 12

4x ULN

Question 13

what is the indicator reaction in karmen method principle

Answer 13

malate dehydrogenase

Question 14

ph of ast

Answer 14

7.3-7.8

Question 15

what will happen if there is hemolysis in ast

Answer 15

dramatically increases serum AST
concentration

Question 16

old name of alt

Answer 16

serum glutamicpyruvic transaminase

Question 17

coenzyme of alt

Answer 17

pyridoxal phosphate

Question 18

where can you find alt in the tisue sources?

Answer 18

liver

Question 19

Confined mainly to evaluation of hepatic disorders

Answer 19

alt

Question 20

ratio of ast and alt if there is acute hepatocellular injury

Answer 20

7,000:3,000 ratio

Question 21

what is the indicator enzyme of wrobleski ladue reaction

Answer 21

lactate dehydrogenase

Question 22

absorbance of ast and alt

Answer 22

340nm

Question 23

T/F: alt is unaffected by hemolysis

Answer 23

T

Question 24

name of alkaline phosphatase

Answer 24

Monoester Phosphohydrolase
(Alkaline Optimum)

Question 25

from what group does alp belong

Answer 25

hydrolases

Question 26

liberation of inorganic phosphate from an organic phosphate ester with the concomitant production of alcohol

Answer 26

Alkaline Phosphatase

Question 27

optimal ph of alp

Answer 27

9.0-10.0

Question 28

activators of alp

Answer 28

magnesium zinc

Question 29

alp is present on cell surfaces in most tissues with highest concentrations in

Answer 29

Intestine Liver: location sinusoidal and bile canalicular membrane Bone: in osteoblasts Spleen Placenta Kidney

Question 30

More predominant in obstructive conditions (cholestasis) than hepatocellular disorders

Answer 30

Hepatobiliary (elevated)

Question 31

Elevated in involvement of osteoblasts

Answer 31

bone disorders (elevated)

Question 32

increased or decreased: Inherited condition of hypophosphatasia

Answer 32

decreased

Question 33

fastest migrator in alp electrophoresis

Answer 33

Liver ALP

Question 34

slowest migrator in alp electrophoresis

Answer 34

Intestinal ALP

Question 35

2 fractions of alp

Answer 35

Major Liver Fraction Fast Liver Fraction

Question 36

why bone alp is normally elevated in children

Answer 36

due to osteoblastic activity with this it is difficult to interpret

Question 37

Presence depends on the blood group and secretor status of the individual (more likely “B” and “O”)

Answer 37

Intestinal ALP

Question 38

alp enzyme that is heat stable

Answer 38

Placental ALP

Question 39

Residual activity after heating is <20% of the total activity before heating

Answer 39

Bone ALP

Question 40

Residual activity after heating is >20% of the total activity before heating

Answer 40

Liver ALP

Question 41

Inhibits intestinal ALP and placental ALP in greater extent than liver and bone ALP

Answer 41

Phenylalanine

Question 42

Inhibits bone ALP and liver ALP

Answer 42

Levamisole

Question 43

Inhibits bone ALP

Answer 43

3M Urea

Question 44

similarity with placental isoenzyme

Answer 44

Carcinoplacental ALP

Question 45

* Inhibited by phenylalanine * Detected in: Cancer of the ovary and gynecologic cancer (highest incidence), lungs, breast, and colon

Answer 45

Regan isoenzyme

Question 46

Inhibited by phenylalanine and L-leucine Detected in: metastatic carcinoma of pleural surfaces, and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and bile duct

Answer 46

Nagao isoenzyme

Question 47

Calculation of ALP activity based on the molar absorptivity of pnitrophenol

Answer 47

Bowers and McComb

Question 48

absorbance of bowers and mccomb

Answer 48

405nm

Question 49

why hemolysis causes slight elevations in alp

Answer 49

more concentrated in the RBC than serum

Question 50

why hemolysis causes slight elevations in alp during diet

Answer 50

May elevate ALP activity of blood group B and O individuals who are secretors