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AP Gov. > American Political Culture - Unit 3 > Flashcards

American Political Culture - Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 core political values in American Political Culture?

A
  1. Individualism
  2. Equality of Opportunity
  3. Free Enterprise (Free markets, Laissez-faire)
  4. Rule of Law (Law rules and applies equally to everyone)
  5. Limited Government (government should do as little as possible to govern
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2
Q

Define political culture.

A

Political culture- the dominant set of beliefs, customs, traditions and values, that define the relationship between citizens and government.

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3
Q

Define individualism.

A

Individualism- the belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and for the decisions they make.

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4
Q

What is Equality of Oppourtuny?

A

The belief that people have the chance to succeed based on their own effort.

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5
Q

Define Free Enterprise/ Laissez-faire

A

Free Enterprise/ Laissez-faire is an economic system in which government barely interferes with economic transitions among citizens and businesses.

Government doesn’t set prices, wages, and production

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6
Q

What is the ideology of Limited Government?

A

Human beings have inherent rights that cannot be taken by the government.

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7
Q

What are things that limit the governments power?

A

Checks and balances; written constitution; federalism; Bill of rights.

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8
Q

Define Globalization.

A

Globalization- the increasing interconnectedness of people, businesses, and countries throughout the world.

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9
Q

What are Multinational Corporations?

A

Companies that make, transport, and market goods and services in two or more countries.

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10
Q

What are non-governmental organizations (NGOs) (members are not countries)

A

Independent groups outside of government that work toward a public cause (Example: red cross)

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11
Q

What are Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) (members are countries)

A

An organization which members are countries. Challenges the sovereignty of countries. (Example: European World Organization and World Trade Organization)

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12
Q

What does free trade do?

A

Free trade imposes few restraints on the flow of goods and services across national boarders. (Example: North American Free Trade Agreement)

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13
Q

What countries are involved in the North American Free Trade Agreement?

A

The United States, Mexico, and Canada.

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14
Q

What is the Trans- Pacific Partnership? (TPP)

A

A regional trade agreement between 12 nations.

Service jobs increased; lower prices for consumers.

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15
Q

What is outsourcing?

A

Outsourcing occurs when a company moves its business to a place where labor costs are cheaper or production is more more efficient because workers work longer hours.

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16
Q

What 3 things does outsourcing result in?

A

Outsourcing results in:
Loss of jobs
Lower environmental standards in foreign countries
weaker traditional cultures
Leads to connections of people with bad intentions

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17
Q

What 9 things affect socialization?

A
  1. Parents / family
  2. Political Parties / campaigns
  3. Community / neighborhood / press
  4. religious organizations
  5. Schools
  6. Race
  7. Gender
  8. Income
  9. interest groups
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18
Q

Define public opinion.

A

Public Opinion is the sum of individual attitudes about government, policies, and issues.

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19
Q

What are the two basic requirements for an effective representative democracy?

A
  1. Voters must have opinions and preferences that can be communicated to representatives
  2. Elections measure preferences
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20
Q

What is a Focus Group?

A

A focus group is a small group of individuals assembled for a conservations about specific issues.

21
Q

How does a Scientific Poll work?

A

A randomly selected sample is taken. Sample is is statistically significant size and neutral language.

22
Q

What is a Sample?

A

A sample is a group of individuals from a larger population used to measure public opinion.

23
Q

What is an Entrance survey?

A

A poll conducted of people who are coming into an event.

24
Q

What is an Exit Survey?

A

A survey conducted following an event or at a polling place after individuals have voted, asking who or what individuals voted for.

25
Q

What is a Benchmark poll?

A

A survey taken at the beginning of a political campaign.

26
Q

What is the “Gender Gap”?

A

The gender gap is the difference how men and women vote.

27
Q

What is political ideology?

A

Political ideology is a set of beliefs about the desired goals and outcomes of a process of governance

28
Q

What is Conservatism?

A

Conservatism is an ideology favoring more control of social behavior, fewer regulations on businesses, and less government interference in the economy.

29
Q

What is Liberalism?

A

Liberalism is an ideology favoring less government control over social behavior and more regulation of businesses and of the economy.

30
Q

What is Libertarianism?

A

Libertarianism is an ideology favoring very little government regulation and intervention beyond protecting private property and enforcement of contracts.

31
Q

What is a command and control economy?

A

A command and control economy is an economic policy in which the government dictates much of the nations economy activity, including the amount of production and prices for goods.

32
Q

What is a Mixed-Economy?

A

economic policy in which many economic conditions are left to individuals and businesses, with the government regulating economic activity.

33
Q

What is Gross Domestic Product?

A

GDP is the total value of goods and services produced by the economy

34
Q

What is economic rescission?

A

Economic rescission is two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth.

35
Q

What is unemployment rate?

A

Unemployment rate is the percentage of people actively looking for work who can’t find jobs.

36
Q

What is inflation?

A

Inflation is the rise in the prices of goods and services consumer price index (CPI) the cost of a fixed basket of goods and services over time.

37
Q

What is the Fiscal policy?

A

Fiscal policy is government use of taxes and spending to attempt to lower unemployment, support economic growth, and stablize the economy.

38
Q

What is the Monetary Theory?

A

A theory to match the growth of the money supply to the growth in economic productivity

39
Q

What is Keyeialism?

A

A theory that stimulates the economy during times of economic rescission by spending money to encourage economic growth.

40
Q

What is the Supply-Side Theory?

A

The Supply-Side Theory stimulates the economy by cutting taxes to encourage businesses to grow and taxpayers to spend more money.

41
Q

What is Monetary Policy?

A

An economic policy that regulates the amount of money in an economy.

42
Q

What is the Federal Reserve System?

A

A board of governors, Federal Reserve Banks, and member banks responsible for monetary policy

43
Q

The board members for the Federal Reserve Banks are appointed by who? Who are they confirmed by?

A

They are appointed by The President. They are confirmed by the Senate.

44
Q

The board members for the Federal Reserve Banks serve a ____ term.

A

The board members for the Federal Reserve Banks serve a 4 year term.

45
Q

What is Medicare?

A

Medicare is a federal program that provides health care for the poor

46
Q

What is Entitlement?

A

Entitlement is a law that congress passed that you must meet some requirements, you are entitled for the benefits.

47
Q

What is Mandatory spending?

A

Mandatory Spending is the money the government HAS to spend.

48
Q

What is Discretionary spending?

A

Discretionary spending means that congress gets to decide what to spend money on.

AP Gov. (13 decks)

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