Anatomical Terms - Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
The sternum is _____________ to the vertebrae
A
anterior
2
Q
The feet are _____________ to the hands
A
inferior
3
Q
The elbows are _____________ to the abdomen
A
lateral
4
Q
The skin is _____________ to the skeleton
A
superficial
5
Q
The heart is _____________ to the sternum
A
posterior
6
Q
The lungs are _____________ to the ribs
A
posterior
7
Q
The chest is _____________ to the abdomen.
A
superior
8
Q
The knee is _____________ to the hip.
A
inferior
9
Q
The little finger is _____________ to the thumb.
A
medial
10
Q
The elbow is _____________ to the wrist.
A
proximal
11
Q
is the universally accepted standard position that scientists and medical professionals use to communicate information concerning parts of the body.
A
Anatomical position
12
Q
Anatomical position
A
the body is erect and facing forward; the arms are straight and at the sides of the body, with the palms facing forward; and the feet are slightly apart, with the toes pointing forward
13
Q
Toward the front
A
Anterior
14
Q
another name for anterior
A
ventral
15
Q
The palms are on the _____________ side of the body
A
anterior
16
Q
The esophagus is __________ to the spinal cord.
A
anterior
17
Q
Toward the back
A
posterior
18
Q
another name for posterior
A
dorsal
19
Q
The occipital bone is on the _______________ cranium (skull)
A
posterior
20
Q
The spinal cord is __________________ to the esophagus
A
posterior
21
Q
Toward the head
A
Superior
22
Q
The nose is ______________ to the mouth.
A
superior
23
Q
The neck is ________________ to the chest.
A
superior
24
Q
Toward the tail
A
Inferior
25
another name for superior
cranial
26
another name for inferior
caudal
27
The nose is ___________ to the forehead.
inferior
28
The umbilicus (belly button) is _______________ to the chest.
inferior
29
Closer to the point of origin (generally the trunk)
proximal
30
The knee is _____________ to the ankle.
proximal
31
The shoulder is _______________ to the elbow.
proximal
32
Farther away from the point of origin (generally the trunk)
distal
33
The foot is _____________ to the hip
distal
34
The wrist is ___________ to the elbow.
distal
35
Closer to the midline of the body or a body part; on the inner side of
Medial
36
The ear is ______________ to the shoulder
medial
37
The index finger is ______________ to the thumb.
medial
38
Farther away from the midline of the body or a body part; on the outer side of
Lateral
39
The shoulder is _______________ to the chest
lateral
40
The thumb is ____________ to the index finger.
lateral
41
Closer to the surface
Superficial
42
The skin is _________________ to the muscle
superficial
43
Muscle is ________________ to bone.
superficial
44
Farther below the surface
Deep
45
Bone is _____________ to the skin.
deep
46
Bone is _________________ to muscle.
deep
47
are used to identify specific areas on the surface of the body
Regional terms
48
which describe the locations of body structures in relationship to other structures.
Directional Terms
49
pertaining to the abdomen
Abdominal
50
pertaining to the head
cephalic
51
pertaining to the neck
cervical
52
pertaining to the back of the body
dorsal
53
pertaining to the buttocks
gluteal
54
pertaining to the groin
inguinal
55
pertaining to the lower back
lumbar
56
pertaining to the hand
manual
57
pertaining to the back of the head
occipital
58
pertaining to the palm
palmar
59
pertaining to the foot
pedal
60
pertaining to the pelvis
pelvic
61
pertaining to the sole of the foot
Plantar
62
pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee
Popliteal
63
pertaining to the pubis
pubic
64
pertaining to the sacrum
sacral
65
pertaining to the posterior surface of the leg
sural
66
pertaining to the sternum
sternal
67
pertaining to the chest
thoracic
68
pertaining to the spinal column
vertebral
69
pertaining to the point of the shoulder
acromial
70
pertaining to the forearm
antebrachial
71
pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow
Antecubital
72
pertaining to the armpit
axillary
73
pertaining to the arm
brachial
74
pertaining to the wrist
carpal
75
pertaining to the fingers
digital
76
pertaining to the metacarpals
metacarpal
77
pertaining to the thumb
pollex
78
pertaining to the hip
coxal
79
pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg
crural
80
pertaining to the toes
digital
81
pertaining to the thigh
femoral
82
pertaining to the great toe
hallux
83
pertaining to the metatarsals
metatarsal
84
pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee
patellar
85
pertaining to the ankle
tarsal
86
The two major body cavities are the
dorsal (posterior) cavity and the ventral (anterior) cavity
87
The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the
cranial cavity and vertebral cavity
88
houses the brain
cranial cavity
89
houses the spinal cord
vertebral (spinal) cavity
90
the ventral body cavity is divided by the _________________ into the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
diaphragm
91
the ventral body cavity is divided by the diaphragm into the
thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
92
the thoracic cavity can be subdivided into the
medial mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities.
93
can be subdivided into the medial mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities.
thoracic cavity
94
The mediastinum contains numerous organs, including the
esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and heart
95
heart, the last of which is enclosed by the
pericardial cavity
96
Inferior to the diaphragm is the
abdominopelvic cavity
97
Inferior to the diaphragm is the abdominopelvic cavity, consisting of the
abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
98
contains the digestive organs
abdominal cavity
99
contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.
pelvic cavity
100
Most of the organs in the ventral body cavity are surrounded by
serous membranes
101
are thin, doublelayered sacs.
serous membranes
102
The outer layer of the membrane is the
parietal layer
103
the inner layer of the membrane covers the organ and is called the
visceral layer
104
covers the lungs
pleura
105
covers the heart
pericardium
106
covers most of the abdominal organs
peritonuem
107
The two layers of the serous membranes are separated by a
narrow cavity
108
which is secreted by the membranes and prevents friction as the organs move within the ventral body cavity.
serous (watery) fluid
109
Clinicians divide the abdomenopelvic cavity into four quadrants:
the right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ)
110
Anatomists subdivide the abdomenopelvic cavity into nine regions:
the right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric or pubic, and left iliac regions.
111
it divides the body into right and left parts.
sagittal plane
112
is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis
sagittal plane
113
divides the body into equal right and left parts
midsagittal (median) plane
114
divides the body into unequal right and left parts.
parasagittal plane
115
is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis;
frontal (coronal) plane
116
it divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal (coronal) plane
117
is a section made perpendicular to the body’s longitudinal axis
transverse plane (cross-section)
118
it divides the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse plane (cross-section)
119
120
formed by cranial bones and contains brain
cranial cavity
121
formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginning of spinal nerves
vertebral canal
122
chest cavity; contains pleural and pericardial and the mediastinum
thoracic cavity
123
a potential space between the layers of the pleura that surrounds a lung
pleural cavity
124
a potential space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart
pericardial cavity
125
central portion of thoracic cavity between lungs; contains heart, esophagus, trachea
mediastinum
126
contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of large intestine
abdominal cavity
127
the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is the
peritoneum
128
contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine and internal organs of reproduction
pelvic cavity
