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Anatomy and Physiology > Anatomical Terms - Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory > Flashcards

Anatomical Terms - Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Flashcards

1
Q

The sternum is _____________ to the vertebrae

A

anterior

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2
Q

The feet are _____________ to the hands

A

inferior

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3
Q

The elbows are _____________ to the abdomen

A

lateral

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4
Q

The skin is _____________ to the skeleton

A

superficial

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5
Q

The heart is _____________ to the sternum

A

posterior

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6
Q

The lungs are _____________ to the ribs

A

posterior

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7
Q

The chest is _____________ to the abdomen.

A

superior

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8
Q

The knee is _____________ to the hip.

A

inferior

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9
Q

The little finger is _____________ to the thumb.

A

medial

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10
Q

The elbow is _____________ to the wrist.

A

proximal

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11
Q

is the universally accepted standard position that scientists and medical professionals use to communicate information concerning parts of the body.

A

Anatomical position

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12
Q

Anatomical position

A

the body is erect and facing forward; the arms are straight and at the sides of the body, with the palms facing forward; and the feet are slightly apart, with the toes pointing forward

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13
Q

Toward the front

A

Anterior

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14
Q

another name for anterior

A

ventral

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15
Q

The palms are on the _____________ side of the body

A

anterior

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16
Q

The esophagus is __________ to the spinal cord.

A

anterior

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17
Q

Toward the back

A

posterior

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18
Q

another name for posterior

A

dorsal

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19
Q

The occipital bone is on the _______________ cranium (skull)

A

posterior

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20
Q

The spinal cord is __________________ to the esophagus

A

posterior

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21
Q

Toward the head

A

Superior

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22
Q

The nose is ______________ to the mouth.

A

superior

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23
Q

The neck is ________________ to the chest.

A

superior

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24
Q

Toward the tail

A

Inferior

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25
Q

another name for superior

A

cranial

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26
Q

another name for inferior

A

caudal

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27
Q

The nose is ___________ to the forehead.

A

inferior

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28
Q

The umbilicus (belly button) is _______________ to the chest.

A

inferior

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29
Q

Closer to the point of origin (generally the trunk)

A

proximal

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30
Q

The knee is _____________ to the ankle.

A

proximal

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31
Q

The shoulder is _______________ to the elbow.

A

proximal

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32
Q

Farther away from the point of origin (generally the trunk)

A

distal

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33
Q

The foot is _____________ to the hip

A

distal

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34
Q

The wrist is ___________ to the elbow.

A

distal

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35
Q

Closer to the midline of the body or a body part; on the inner side of

A

Medial

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36
Q

The ear is ______________ to the shoulder

A

medial

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37
Q

The index finger is ______________ to the thumb.

A

medial

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38
Q

Farther away from the midline of the body or a body part; on the outer side of

A

Lateral

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39
Q

The shoulder is _______________ to the chest

A

lateral

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40
Q

The thumb is ____________ to the index finger.

A

lateral

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41
Q

Closer to the surface

A

Superficial

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42
Q

The skin is _________________ to the muscle

A

superficial

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43
Q

Muscle is ________________ to bone.

A

superficial

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44
Q

Farther below the surface

A

Deep

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45
Q

Bone is _____________ to the skin.

A

deep

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46
Q

Bone is _________________ to muscle.

A

deep

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47
Q

are used to identify specific areas on the surface of the body

A

Regional terms

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48
Q

which describe the locations of body structures in relationship to other structures.

A

Directional Terms

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49
Q

pertaining to the abdomen

A

Abdominal

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50
Q

pertaining to the head

A

cephalic

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51
Q

pertaining to the neck

A

cervical

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52
Q

pertaining to the back of the body

A

dorsal

53
Q

pertaining to the buttocks

A

gluteal

54
Q

pertaining to the groin

A

inguinal

55
Q

pertaining to the lower back

A

lumbar

56
Q

pertaining to the hand

A

manual

57
Q

pertaining to the back of the head

A

occipital

58
Q

pertaining to the palm

A

palmar

59
Q

pertaining to the foot

A

pedal

60
Q

pertaining to the pelvis

A

pelvic

61
Q

pertaining to the sole of the foot

A

Plantar

62
Q

pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee

A

Popliteal

63
Q

pertaining to the pubis

A

pubic

64
Q

pertaining to the sacrum

A

sacral

65
Q

pertaining to the posterior surface of the leg

A

sural

66
Q

pertaining to the sternum

A

sternal

67
Q

pertaining to the chest

A

thoracic

68
Q

pertaining to the spinal column

A

vertebral

69
Q

pertaining to the point of the shoulder

A

acromial

70
Q

pertaining to the forearm

A

antebrachial

71
Q

pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow

A

Antecubital

72
Q

pertaining to the armpit

A

axillary

73
Q

pertaining to the arm

A

brachial

74
Q

pertaining to the wrist

A

carpal

75
Q

pertaining to the fingers

A

digital

76
Q

pertaining to the metacarpals

A

metacarpal

77
Q

pertaining to the thumb

A

pollex

78
Q

pertaining to the hip

A

coxal

79
Q

pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg

A

crural

80
Q

pertaining to the toes

A

digital

81
Q

pertaining to the thigh

A

femoral

82
Q

pertaining to the great toe

A

hallux

83
Q

pertaining to the metatarsals

A

metatarsal

84
Q

pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee

A

patellar

85
Q

pertaining to the ankle

A

tarsal

86
Q

The two major body cavities are the

A

dorsal (posterior) cavity and the ventral (anterior) cavity

87
Q

The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the

A

cranial cavity and vertebral cavity

88
Q

houses the brain

A

cranial cavity

89
Q

houses the spinal cord

A

vertebral (spinal) cavity

90
Q

the ventral body cavity is divided by the _________________ into the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.

A

diaphragm

91
Q

the ventral body cavity is divided by the diaphragm into the

A

thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.

92
Q

the thoracic cavity can be subdivided into the

A

medial mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities.

93
Q

can be subdivided into the medial mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities.

A

thoracic cavity

94
Q

The mediastinum contains numerous organs, including the

A

esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and heart

95
Q

heart, the last of which is enclosed by the

A

pericardial cavity

96
Q

Inferior to the diaphragm is the

A

abdominopelvic cavity

97
Q

Inferior to the diaphragm is the abdominopelvic cavity, consisting of the

A

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

98
Q

contains the digestive organs

A

abdominal cavity

99
Q

contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.

A

pelvic cavity

100
Q

Most of the organs in the ventral body cavity are surrounded by

A

serous membranes

101
Q

are thin, doublelayered sacs.

A

serous membranes

102
Q

The outer layer of the membrane is the

A

parietal layer

103
Q

the inner layer of the membrane covers the organ and is called the

A

visceral layer

104
Q

covers the lungs

A

pleura

105
Q

covers the heart

A

pericardium

106
Q

covers most of the abdominal organs

A

peritonuem

107
Q

The two layers of the serous membranes are separated by a

A

narrow cavity

108
Q

which is secreted by the membranes and prevents friction as the organs move within the ventral body cavity.

A

serous (watery) fluid

109
Q

Clinicians divide the abdomenopelvic cavity into four quadrants:

A

the right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ)

110
Q

Anatomists subdivide the abdomenopelvic cavity into nine regions:

A

the right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric or pubic, and left iliac regions.

111
Q

it divides the body into right and left parts.

A

sagittal plane

112
Q

is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis

A

sagittal plane

113
Q

divides the body into equal right and left parts

A

midsagittal (median) plane

114
Q

divides the body into unequal right and left parts.

A

parasagittal plane

115
Q

is a section made parallel to the body’s longitudinal axis;

A

frontal (coronal) plane

116
Q

it divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

A

frontal (coronal) plane

117
Q

is a section made perpendicular to the body’s longitudinal axis

A

transverse plane (cross-section)

118
Q

it divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

A

transverse plane (cross-section)

119
Q
A
120
Q

formed by cranial bones and contains brain

A

cranial cavity

121
Q

formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginning of spinal nerves

A

vertebral canal

122
Q

chest cavity; contains pleural and pericardial and the mediastinum

A

thoracic cavity

123
Q

a potential space between the layers of the pleura that surrounds a lung

A

pleural cavity

124
Q

a potential space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart

A

pericardial cavity

125
Q

central portion of thoracic cavity between lungs; contains heart, esophagus, trachea

A

mediastinum

126
Q

contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of large intestine

A

abdominal cavity

127
Q

the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is the

A

peritoneum

128
Q

contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine and internal organs of reproduction

A

pelvic cavity

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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