Anatomy 10 Flashcards by Yara Al Basti

Origin of the Axillary artery

From the subclavian artery, at the outer border of the first rib.

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The axillary artery is closely related to

The cords of brachial plexus & their branches

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The axillary artery is enclosed within

The axillary sheath with the axillary vein

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Termination of the axillary artery

The axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the level of the lower border of teres major.

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The axillary artery is divided

By the pectoralis minor into 3 parts

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Branches from the first part of the axillary artery

Superior thoracic artery

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Branches from the 2nd part of the axillary artery

1) Acromiothoracic artery
Gives 4 branches
2) Lateral thoracic artery

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Supplies the lateral part of the breast, in females

Lateral thoracic artery

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Branches from the 3rd part of the axillary artery

1) Anterior circumflex humeral artery (ACHA)
2) Posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA)
3) Subscapular artery

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The largest branch of the axillary artery

The Subscapular Artery

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The subscapular artery supplies

Numerous muscles of the shoulder region

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Terminal branches of the subscapular artery

Circumflex scapular & thoracodorsal arteries

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The arterial anastomosis around the scapula allows

Blood flow around the scapula & shoulder joint if there is an injury or occlusion.

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Contributing branches to the anastomosis arise from

The 1st part of the subclavian artery
The 3rd part of the axillary artery

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1st part of subclavian artery branches to the anastomosing

1)The suprascapular artery
Along the upper border of the scapula

2) The deep branch of the transve cervical artery
Along the medial border of the scapula

Both are branches from the thyro cervical trunk

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3rd part of the axillay artery branches to the an anastomosing

The circumflex scapular artery
Along the lateral border of the scapula

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The main source of blood for the arm

Brachial artery

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Origin of the Brachial artery

A continuation of the axillary artery at the lower border of teres Major.

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In the upper part of the arm, the brachial artery

Is medial to the humerus

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In the lower part of the arm, the brachial artery

Becomes anterior to the humerus

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In the cubital fossa, the brachial artery

Is medial to the tendon of biceps brachii muscle

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The brachial artey ends

At the neck of the radius by dividing into radial & ulnar arteries.

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Branches of the brachial artery (7)

1) Nutrient artery
2) Muscular branches
3) Profunda brachii
4) Superior ulnar collateral artery
5) Inferior ulnar collateral artery
6) Radial artery
7) Ulnar artery

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The superior ulnar collateral artery passes

With the ulnar nerve posterior of the medial epicondyle of the humerus

The inferior ulnar collateral artery divides into

Anterior & posterior branches which descend in front & behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

The largest branch of the brachial artery

Profunda Brachii artery (Deep Brachial)

The profunda brachii artery passes along

The posterior surface of the humerus, running in the radial groove with the radial nerve.

The profunda brachii divides into

Anterior & Posterior descending branches which descends in front & behind the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

The main source of blood for the forearm

Radial & Ulnar arteries

Supplies the anterior aspect

Ulnar artery

Supplies the posterior aspect of the forearm

Radial artery

The two arteries anastomose in the hand, by forming 2 arches

1) Superficial palmer arch 2) Deep palmar arch

The smaller of the two terminal branchs of the brachial artery of the level of the neck of the radius

Radial Artery

Termination of the Radial Artery

Continues as deep palmar arch

The radial artery begins in

The cubital fossa at the level of neck of radius

The radial artery descends

downards & laterally

The radial artery leaves the forearm by

Winding around the lateral aspect of the wrist to reach the dorsum of the hand

The radial pulse is palpated

Just proximal to the thumb on the palmar side of the radial aspect of the wrist.

The radial artery leaves the dorsum of the hand by

Turning forward between the proximal ends of the 1st & 2nd metacarpal bones. ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX

Branches of the radial artery in the forearm

1) Muscular Branch 2) Recurrent branch For anastomosis around the elbow joint 3) Superficial palmar branch Joins the ulnar artery to form the superficial palmar arch

On entering the palm, the radial artery continues as deep palmar arch & gives

Radialis indices & princeps polices

The deep palmer arch is a continuation of the radial artery as it

Curves medially beneath long flexor tendons, in front of the metacarpal bones.

The deep palmer arch is completed on the medial side by

Deep branch of ulnar artery (10 %) Radial 90%, Ulnar 10%

More distal than the deep palmer arch

Superficial palmer arch

The deep palmer arch sends branches

1) SUPERIORLY to share in anastomosis around the wrist joint 2) INFERIORLY to join branches of the superficial palmar arch

For coronary angiography & interventionl procedures has grown in popularity due to enhanced patient safety

Trans Radial Access (TRA)

The larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial neck of radius

Ulnar Artery

Termination of the Ulnar Artery

Continues as superficial palmar arch

The ulnar artery begins in the

Cubital fossa at the level of the neck of radius

The ulnar artery descends through

The anterior compartment of the forearm.

The ulnar artery enters the palm

In front of the flexor retinaculum, with the ulnar nerve.

Branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm

1) Muscular 2) 2 Reccurent Branches Anterior & posterior for anastomosis around the elbow joint 3) Common Interosseous Artery Gives Anterior & Posterior

The superficial palmar arch gives

3 palmar metacarpal arteries, from its convexity to supply the fingers

The superficial palmar arch (Ulnar Artery) supplies

medial 3 & half fingers

The thumb & the lateral half of the index are supplied by

The radial artery

The dorsal digital veins drain into

Dorsal metacarpal veins

The dorsal metacarpal veins white to form

Dorsal Venous Arch

Dorsal venous network drains into

Cephalic vein LATERALLY Basilic Vein MEDIALLY

The cephalic vein arises from

The dorsal venous arch of the hand

The cephalic vein ascends on

The radial side of the forearm to the elbow & continues up to the arm in the deltopectoral groove.

The cephalic vein pierces

The clavipectoral fascia, to drain into the axillary vein.

The basilic vein arises from

The medial end of the dorsal venous arch of the hand.

The basilic vein ascends on

The medial side of the forearm

In the middle of the arm, the basilic vein

Pierces the deep fascia & continues as the axillary vein

Is a frequent site for venipuncture and IV injection

Median Cubital Vein

Links the cephalic vein & basilic vein in the cubital fossa

Median Cubital Vein

Begins at the lower border of the Teres major, as the continuation of the basilic vein

Axillary Vein

The axillay vein ends at

The outer border of the 1st rib as the subclavian vein

The axillary vein receives

1) Brachial veins 2) Cephalic vein (close to its termination)

Continuation of the axillary vein

Subclavian vein

The subclavian vein extends from the outer border of the 1st rib to the sternal end of the clavicle, where it

Unites with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic.

Anatomy 10 Flashcards

(72 cards)