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Cardiovascular > Anatomy 11 > Flashcards

Anatomy 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

The femoral artery begins

A

Behind the inguinal ligament, at the mid inguinal point, as a continuation of the external iliac artery.

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

The upper 1/2 of the femoral artery

A

Is superficial & lies in the femoral triangle

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4
Q

The lower 1/2 of the femoral artery

A

Is deep & lies in the adductor canal

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5
Q

The femoral artery ends at

A

The opening in the adductor magnus where it enters the popliteal fossa & becomes the popliteal artery.

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6
Q

The upper 1.5 inches of the femoral artery

A

Is enclosed with the femoral vein in the femoral sheath.

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7
Q

In the femoral triangle…
Medial to the femoral artery
Lateral to the femoral artery

A

Medially, the femoral vein.
Upper part of triangle

Laterally, the femoral nerve.
Upper part of triangle

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8
Q

The superficial branches of the femoral artery

A

1) Superficial circumflex iliac artery
2) Superficial epigastric artery
3) Superficial external pudendal artery

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9
Q

Ascends to the anterior abdominal wall

A

Superficial epigastric artery

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10
Q

Goes towards the external genitalia

A

Superficial external pudendal artery

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11
Q

Reaches the anterior superior iliac spine

A

Superficial circumflex iliac artery

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12
Q

The deep branches of the femoral artery

A

1) Deep external pudendal artery
2) Profunda femoris artery
3) Descending genicular artery

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13
Q

Runs medially towards the external genital organs

A

Deep external pudendal artery

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14
Q

The largest branch of the femoral artery & the main supply of the thigh

A

Profunda femoris artery

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15
Q

The descending genicular artery arises in

A

The adductor canal

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16
Q

The femoral artery gives muscular branches that arise in

A

The adductor canal to supply the muscles of the front of thigh

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17
Q

To stop severe hemorrhage in the lower limbs

A

Press the femoral artery against the superior pubic ramus midway between the ASIS & the symphysis pubis

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18
Q

Catheterization can be performed

A

Both in the femoral artery & vein

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19
Q

The profunda femoris artery begins

A

From the femoral artery, about 4 cm below the inguinal ligament

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20
Q

The profunda femoris artery ends

A

A little below the middle of the medial side of the thigh by piercing the adductor magnus & becoming the 4th perforating artery.

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21
Q

Branches of the Profunda femoris artery

A

1) Lateral circumflex femoral artery
2) Medial circumflex femoral artery
3) Perforating arteries

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22
Q

The lateral circumflex femoral artery runs laterally then gives off 3 anastomotic branches

A

1) Ascending branch
Share in the anastomosis around the anterior superior iliac spine.

2) Transverse branch
Share in cruciate anastomosis.

3) Descending branch
Descends to share in the anastomosis around the knee.

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23
Q

The medial circumflex femoral artery gives 3 branches

A

1) Acetabular branch
To the hip joint

2) Ascending branch
Shares in the trochanteric anastomosis

3) Transverse branch
Shores in the cruciate anastomosis

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24
Q

These are …. arteries whichperforate the insertion of theadductor magnus to reach theback of the thigh

A

4

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25
The perforating arteries anastomose
With one another at the back of the femur.
26
Site of the cruciate anastomosis (Cross like)
Situated at the back of the thigh, below the greater trochanter.
27
The cruciate anastomosis has 2 limbs
1) Transverse Limb 2) Vertical Limb
28
The transverse limb is made of
The transverse branches of the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.
29
The vertical limb is made of
The ascending branch of the medial circumflex femoral (above) and the ascending branch of the first perforating artery (below).
30
Superficial veins of the lower limb begin
On the dorsum of the foot from the dorsal venous great saphenous veins & small saphenous veins (end on popliteal vein)
31
Drain the tissue beneath the deep fascia
Deep Veins, Femoral & Popliteal veins
32
The longest vein in the body
Great (long) Saphenous vein
33
Great (long) Saphenous vein begins
On the dorsum of the foot from the medial end of the dorsal venous arch.
34
Course of the great saphenous vein
Ascend on the medial side of the foot, leg till the medial side of the back of the knee and along the medial side of the thigh, then curves forwardsto reach the saphenous opening.
35
End of the great saphenous vein
In the femoral vein, 4 cm below & lateral to the pubic tubercle.
36
The great saphenous vein has about ........... which divide it into segments to reduce the venous pressure on its walls, in the erect position.
15 - 20 valves
37
Tributaries and communications off the great saphenous vein
1) Superficial veins from foot, leg, & thigh 2) Perforating veins 3) Superficial inguinal veins - Superficial circumflex iliac vein - Superficial epigastric vein - Superficial external pudendal vein
38
In patients with occlusive coronary disease caused by atherosclerosis, the diseased arterial segment may be bypassed by inserting a graft consisting of
A portion of the great saphenous vein. The venous segment is reversed so that its valves do not obstruct the arterial flow.
39
Varicose veins are common in
Great saphenous vein
40
The femoral vein begins at
The opening in the adductor magnus as the continuation of the popliteal vein. It enters the adductor canal then the femoral triangle.
41
The femoral vein ends
By passing behind the inguinal ligament to become the external iliac vein.
42
Tributaries at the Femoral Vein
1) Great saphenous vein 2) Deep external pudendal vein 3) Profunda femoris vein 4) Medial & lateral circumflex veins
43
Origin of the popliteal artery
It is the continuation of the femoralartery at the opening of the adductormagnus (junction of middle and lower 1/3 of thigh)
44
The popliteal artery enters
The popliteal fossa, lying on its floor (deepest structure).
45
The popliteal artery ends
Below at the lower border of popliteus muscle by dividing into anterior and posterior tibial arteries.
46
Branches of the popliteal artery
1) Muscular branches 2) Five articular branches Superior & Inferior medial genicular artery Superior & Inferior lateral genicular artery Middle genicular artery 3) Terminal branches, anterior & posterior tibial arteries
47
Popliteal vein begins
by union of both anterior and posterior tibial veins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle.
48
Popliteal vein ends
By passing through the opening in the adductor magnus to become the femoral vein.
49
Tributaries of the popliteal vein
Small saphenous veins Articular veins
50
Anterior tibial artery begins
As the smaller of the 2 terminal branches of the popliteal artery, at the lower border of popliteus muscle (in the back of the leg).
51
The anterior tibial artery ends
In front of the ankle joint, midway between the 2 malleoli, by becoming the dorsalis pedis artery.
52
Branches of the anterior tibial artery
1) Anterior and posterior tibial recurrent arteries They both arise close to the knee joint and share in the anastomosis around it. 2) Muscular branches 3) Anterior lateral and medial malleolar branches They both arise close to the ankle joint and share in the anastomosis around it.
53
The posterior tibial artery begins
As the larger of the 2 terminal branches of the poplite alartery, at the lower border of popliteus muscle (in the back of the leg).
54
The posterior tibial artery ends
Under the flexor retinaculum, by dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries.
55
Branches of the posterior tibial artery
1) Circumflex fibular artery Join the anastomosis around the knee. 2) Peroneal artery
56
The largest branch & main supply of the leg
Peroneal artery
57
Dorsalis pedis artery begins
As a continuation of the anterior tibial artery, in front of the ankle joint, and midway between the 2 malleoli (where its pulsations can be felt easily).
58
The dorsalis pedis artery ends
At the 1st interosseous space, to reach the sole of the foot & to anastomose with the end of the plantar arch.
59
Branches of the dorsalis pedis
1) The medial & lateral tarsal arteries 2) The arcuate artery ( The longest )
60
The 2 terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery
The medial (smaller) & lateral (larger) plantar arteries
61
The medial & lateral plantar arteries lie
Deep to the flexor retinaculum of the ankle.
62
The medial and lateral plantar arteries give
Give muscular and digital branches.

Cardiovascular (10 decks)

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