Anatomy 3

Question 1

Decrease CSF absorption by arachnoid granulations which can lead to increased ICP, papilledema, and herniation

Answer 1

Communicating Hydrocephalus

Question 2

Arachnoid Scarring post-meningitis

Answer 2

Communicating Hydrocephalus

Question 3

wet, wobbly and wacky

Answer 3

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 4

Expansion of ventricles distorting the fibers of corona radiata

Answer 4

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 5

Appearance of increased CSF but ICP is normal, decrease in neural tissue

Answer 5

Hydrocephalus ex vacuo, in Alzheimer, advanced HIV and Pick dx

Question 6

Structural blockage of CSF circulation within the ventricular system, stenosis of aqueduct of Sylvius

Answer 6

Noncommunicating Hydrocephalus

Question 7

Exit of C1-C7

Answer 7

above the corresponding vertebra, all others are below corresponding vertebra

Question 8

vertebral disc herniation

Answer 8

nucleus pulposus herniates posterolaterally through annulus fibrosis at L4-L5 or L5-S1

Question 9

Where spinal cord extends

Answer 9

L1-L2 vertebrae

Question 10

Extension of subarachnoid space

Answer 10

Lower border of S2

Question 11

Dorsal Column

Answer 11

ascending tract, pressure, vibration, touch, proprioception

Question 12

Fasciculus gracilis

Answer 12

Medial part of dorsal column, lower body and legs

Question 13

Fasciculus Cuneatus

Answer 13

Lateral part of dorsal column, upper body and arms

Question 14

Location of Intermediate horn sympathetics

Answer 14

T1-L2/3

Question 15

Lateral Spinothalamic Tract

Answer 15

pain, temperature; ascending spinal tract found lateral to anterior horn

Question 16

Anterior spinothalamic tract

Answer 16

crude touch, pressure; ascending spinal tract found anterior to anterior horn

Question 17

Anterior corticospinal tract

Answer 17

voluntary motor; descending spinal tract found lateral to anteriro spinal sulcus

Question 18

Lateral Corticospinal Tract

Answer 18

Voluntary motor; descending spinal tract found lateral to posterior horn

Question 19

Decussation of Dorsal Column

Answer 19

In medulla, ascend CL in medial lemniscus

Question 20

Decussation of Spinothalamic tract

Answer 20

Anterior white commisure, ascends CL

Question 21

Lower MN signs

Answer 21

Less muscle mass, decreased muscle tone, decreased reflexes, downgoing toes

Question 22

Upper MN signs

Answer 22

Increased tone, DTRs and + Babinski

Question 23

Destruction of Anterior horns

Answer 23

Flaccid paralysis, LMN lesion

Caused by Polio, spinal muscular atrophy, Werdnig-Hoffman

Question 24

Demyelination of white matter mostly in cervical region, asymmetric lesions

Answer 24

MS

Question 25

Scanning speech, intention tremor, nystagmus

Answer 25

MS

Question 26

UMN and LMN deficient with no sensory, cognitive or oculomotor deficits

Answer 26

Amylotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 27

Zn-Cu Superoxide Dismutase deficiency

Answer 27

Familial Amylotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 28

Used to increase survival of ALS

Answer 28

Riluzole

Question 29

Starts with fasciculations with eventual atrophy and weakness of hands; fatal

Answer 29

ALS

Question 30

Complete occlusion of anterior spinal artery

Answer 30

Spares Dorsal columns and lissauer tract

Question 31

Artery of Adamkiewicz

Answer 31

Supplies ASA below ~T8

Question 32

Caused by tertiary syphilis, results from demyelination of dorsal column and roots

Answer 32

Tabes dorsalis

Question 33

Inability to sense or feel the legs, associated with Charcot Joints, shooting pain (+) Romberg

Answer 33

Tabes Dorsalis

Question 34

Argyll Robertson Pupils

Answer 34

small bilateral pupils that further constrict to accommodation and convergence, not to light

Question 35

Progression of Syringomyelia

Answer 35

1. Anterior white commissures (BL loss of pain and temp) 2. Anterior horn (LMN atrophy) 3. Lateral Horn (Horner's syndrome)

Question 36

Vitamin B12 or E deficiency

Answer 36

Subacute Combined Degeneration, demyelination of dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal tracts and spinocerebellar tract - causes ataxic gait, paresthesia, impaired position and viibiration sense

Question 37

Replication of Poliovirius

Answer 37

Oropharynx and small intestine before spreading to blood stream to CNS

Question 38

Poliovirus destroys what area of spinal cord

Answer 38

Anteriro Horn causing LMN death

Question 39

Congenital deterioration of anterior horns, autosomal recessive, marked hypotonia and tongue fasciculations

Answer 39

Werdnig-Hoffman disease, spinal muscular atrophy

Question 40

Infantile recessive trinucleotide repeat of GAA on chromosome 9

Answer 40

Friedrich ataxia

Question 41

Staggering gait, frequent falling, nystagmus, dysarthria, pes cavus, hammer toes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 41

Friedrich Ataxia | favorite frat brother, always stumbling, staggering, and falling, but has a big heart

Question 42

Semisection of spinal cord

Answer 42

Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Question 43

Sign of Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Answer 43

IL UMN signs below lesion IL loss of tactile, vibration, proprioception sense 1-2 levels below lesion CL pain and temp loss below lesion IL loss of all sensation at level of lesion IL LMN signs (flaccid paralysis)