Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cardiovascular > anatomy > Flashcards

anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the heart (2)

A

to pump blood

to receive blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what defines the inferior border of the superior mediastinum

A

the sternal angle and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where is the apex of the heart

A

5th intercostal space on the LEFT mid axillary line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what part of the heart makes up the apex

A

the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what part of the heart makes up the base

A

the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are 4 mediastinal cavities

A

superior
anterior mediastinum
middle mediastinum
posterior mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is the mediastinum located

A

between the two pleural cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what vertebrae does the heart lie between

A

T5 - T8 in the recumbent position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where dose the Left atrium lie (base)

A

posterior to the oesophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the name for a switched heart

A

dextrocardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the layers of the heart wall (from inside to out)

A

endocardium - (innermost)
myocardium - (middle)
epicardium - (outermost)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what makes up the endocardium (inside to out)

A

simple squamous epithelium, basement membrane and connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what makes up the myocardium

A

cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what makes up the epicardium (inside to out)

A

connective tissue, a thin layer of fat, basement membrane, epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is of note about the epicardium epithelium

A

it also forms the visceral pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

is the function of the endocardium

A

to line the heart chambers and form the valves of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are myocytes connected by

A

intercalating discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the properties of myocytes

A

striated muscle, lots of mitochondria, singe central nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the 4 borders of the heart

A

right border
left border
superior border
inferior border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what makes up the right border

A

right atrium
right ventricle

superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what makes up the left border

A

auricle of the left atrium
left ventricle `

aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what makes up the inferior border

A

right ventricle

left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what makes up the superior border

A

right atrium
left atrium
auricle of left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the cusps of the valves made of

A

endocardium

25
Q

what is the function of heart valves (what’s important about their work)

A

to PASSIVLEY control direction of blood flow

26
Q

what prevents valve failure

A

chordae tendineae

papillary mucles

27
Q

what are chordae tendineae - what are they made of

A

the heart strings that attach the cusps to the papillary mucles - tough, tendinous strands of connective tissue

28
Q

what are the pipillary muscles

A

muscles that attache to the cusps via chordae tendinae

that when the ventricle cets smaller keeps the tension on the valve so inversion or prolapse don’t occur

29
Q

how many cusps are in the tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valve

A

3, 3, 2, 3

30
Q

what are the pulmonary and aortic valves also known as

A

the semilunar valves

31
Q

what are the two functions of the fibrous cardiac skeleton

A

structurall support

electrical insulation

32
Q

what happens to the heat during contration due to the bibrous skeleton

A

it twits a bot during contractiom

33
Q

what is the name for when valves don’t close completely

A

they are incpomtetent

due to widening

34
Q

what structural support dose the cardiac skeleton supply

A

atrioventricular septum
roots of great vessels
anchorage for valves

35
Q

what dose the cardiac skeleton provide insulation for

A

atrium from ventricles

myocardium from the great vessels

36
Q

what holds the heart in place

A

the fiborous pericardium allows it to HANG

37
Q

what surrounds the heart

A

the visceral layero of serous pericardium, the pericardial cavity, the visceral layer of the serous pericardium

fiboruos pericardium

38
Q

why is it called the serous pericardium

A

as it contains fluid/ serum

and to distinguish between the fiborous pericardium as well

39
Q

what dose the serous pericardium allow

A

freedom of movement during the cardiac cycle

40
Q

what is the visceral layer of the serious pericardium attached to

A

the fiborous pericardium

41
Q

what is in the pericardial cavity - what for

A

pericardial fluid

lubricant

42
Q

what is the fiborpus pericardium

A

a dense connective tissue bag

43
Q

where is the fiboroud pericardium sttached to

A

the central tendon of diuagrpagh

stermum

roots of great vessels

44
Q

how may coronary arteries are there - what tissue are they in

A

2

in the epicardium

45
Q

where ate the cornoray arteries located

A

behind 2 of the semi lunar cusps that make up the aortic valve - aortic sinuses

46
Q

what is the problem with the location of the coronary arteries

A

they become oclluded (blocked) by the cusps during systole

47
Q

when are the coronary arteies open

A

during diatoles

48
Q

what organs dose the media stinum not contain

A

the lungs

49
Q

what is the main contents of the superior mediastinum

A

glandular plane - thymus

lymphatic plane - thoracic duct

50
Q

what is the fossa ovalis - what was it for

A

was a patent hole in the interatreal septum

to shunt blood pass the lungs which didn’t need used

51
Q

what is the coronary sinus - where is it located

A

it is a vessel that takes the deoxgynated blood used by the heart back to the right atrium

52
Q

what is the musculi pectinate

A

muscular ridges on one side of the atrium to stop the atrium sticking close

53
Q

what are Trabeculae carneae - form and function

A

contractile fleshy struts that act like the musculi pectinae

stop suction that would occur betwwn the two flat surfaaces

54
Q

what is the function of the intervetricular septum

A

to separate the two ventricles

55
Q

what is the function of the moderator band

A

to prevent over distension of the heart

56
Q

what is the difrece between the righ and left ventricles wall

A

the left ventricals wall is 3X thicker - mainly the myocardium

57
Q

when dose the subclavian become the axillary artrie

A

at the lateral border of the 1st rib

58
Q

what dose the subclavian artery become

A

the axillary

59
Q

when does the external iliac artery (in the leg - become the femoral)

A

inguinal ligament

cardiovascular (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions