Anatomy Introduction

Question 1

Describe cardiac muscles

Answer 1

• Involuntary
• Only found in heart
• Pumps continuously without rest
• Endurance/strength
• Has its own pacemaker

Question 2

Describe smooth muscles

Answer 2

• Involuntary
• Found in walls and linings of organs
• Controlled by nerve impulses
• Has contractions

Question 3

Describe skeletal muscles

Answer 3

• Voluntary
• Fibres in bundles
• Bundles wrapped in connective tissues
• Attach to 2 or more bones
• Joint is moved in between bone

Question 4

Discuss the structure of a synovial joint. What are the structures in it and what are their functions?

Answer 4

• It is a movable joint
• It is a diarthrosis
• Between the articular surfaces is a cartilage, usually hyaline cartilage
• It has a capsule around the joint, which has a tougher outer lining. The outer lining has often got ligaments in it, the inner lining is a synovial membrane
• The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joints and nourishes the cartilage
• Example is the hip

Question 5

What is a connective tissue? What does it do?

Answer 5

-Tissue that supports, connects, or separates other tissues or organs, includes cartilage
and elastic tissues
-For example, it holds muscle fibres together and
aligned in the same direction and may bind them to a bone which they then move
-It can be strong and rigid or loose and flexible.