Pelvic/Reproductive System Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the function of the pelvis?
- Withstand weight-bearing
- Strength/stability
- Protect organs of reproduction/digestion/urination
- Link trunk/lower limb
What are the major bones of the pelvis?
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
What are the joints of the pelvis?
Sacroiliac Joint -Synovial joints -Reinforced anteriorly and posteriorly Pubic Symphysis Joint -No movement -Reinforced superiorly and inferiorly
What is the difference between male and female pelvic outlets?
Female:
- Childbearing
- Enlarged pelvic outlet
- Broader pubic angle, > 100 degrees
- Less curvature of sacrum and coccyx
- Broader pelvis
- Ilia wider and shorter
Describe the kidneys
- Bean shaped
- Regulate electrolytes
- Maintain pH
- Regulate blood pressure by salt: water
- Excrete wastes, e.g urea, ammonium
- Reabsorb water, glucose, amino-acid
- Adrenal glands produce hormones to regulate water and metabolism
Describe the ureter
- Hollow muscular tube that transports urine form the renal pelvis to urinary bladder
- Bladder fills= back flow discouraged
Describe the urinary bladder
- Smooth muscle walls
- Autonomic control of internal sphincter
- Voluntary control of external sphincter
Describe urethra
-Passage of urine and semen (males)
What are the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?
Leavtor Ani and Coccygeus
What is the perineum?
- Inferior to pelvic diaphragm between thighs
- Diamond shaped
- Women have 3 outlets, men have 2
- pubic symphysis anteriorly, coccyx posteriorly, ischial tuberosities laterally
Describe the pelvic floor
1) Support position of pelvic organs
2) Resists intrabdominal pressure
3) Supports rectum: closes it
4) Made up of muscles
Where is the perineum?
The perineum is between the pubic symphysis, two ischial tuberosities and coccyx. It is a diamond shaped area between the legs and is external, or superficial to the pelvic floor.
