Anemia

Question 1

what is anemia

Answer 1

a condition in which the blood lacks healthy RBCs

Question 2

what are the most common causes for anemia

Answer 2

acute blood loss
decreased or faulty RBC production
destruction of RBCs

Question 3

if RBCs are less than 6 then we need to hang ____ unit of blood

Answer 3

1

Question 4

what can cause chronic anemia

Answer 4

cancer
immunodeficiency syndrome
renal disease
liver disease
autoimmune disease

Question 5

what nutritional deficiency can cause chronic anemia

Answer 5

iron
folate
vit b

Question 6

what hereditary conditions can cause chronic anemia

Answer 6

sickle cell
thalassemia

Question 7

what 3 things can cause acute anemia

Answer 7

surgery
active-bleeding trauma
immunocompromised pt

Question 8

what assessments will we do for a pt who has anemia

Answer 8

fatigue
weakness
pallor
SOB
dysrhythmia
chest pain
tachycardia
cool extremites

Question 9

what interventions can we do for a pt with anemia

Answer 9

admin blood products
hematopoietic drugs
encourage diet rich in the deficient nutrient
control source of acute bleeding

Question 10

what are the two types of anemia

Answer 10

iron deficiency
folate deficinecy

Question 11

what can cause iron deficiency

Answer 11

poor diet intake of iron rich foods
absorption problem in the gut

Question 12

what happens in the body when you have iron deficiency anemia

Answer 12

iron stores are depleted resulting in a decreased iron supply for manufacturing of HGB in RBCs

Question 13

how much iron does a man need per day

Answer 13

8mg

Question 14

how much iron does a female need per day

Answer 14

18mg

Question 15

if a female is pregnant or breastfeeding how much iron should they intake daily

Answer 15

27mg

Question 16

iron deficiency pts will have _____ and two labs ______ and ______ are low

Answer 16

weakness
Hgb
HCT

Question 17

what are the interventions for iron deficiency

Answer 17

increase oral intake of iron
increase food choices high in iron
iron supplements
IM injections of iron
IV admin in serious cases

Question 18

how should IM injections of iron be given, what method

Answer 18

z-track method

Question 19

pts should take iron supplements on an _______ stomach

Answer 19

empty

Question 20

pts should take iron supplements with vit _____

Answer 20

C

Question 21

don’t take iron with _____ supplements

Answer 21

milk

Question 22

tell pt that stools will be _______ and black

Answer 22

tarry

Question 23

what foods are rich in iron

Answer 23

oysters
white beans
dark chocolate
beef liver
lentils
spinach
tofu
kidney beans
sardines
chickpeas
canned tomatoes
beef
potatoes
cashews
fortified breakfast cereal

Question 24

what is macrocytic anemia

Answer 24

inadequate intake of vit b12 or lack of absorption of ingested vit b12

Question 25

what is pernicious anemia

Answer 25

deficiency of intrinsic factor

Question 26

how will a pt with iron deficiency anemia appear on assessment

Answer 26

severe pallor fatigue wt loss smooth, beefy red tongue

Question 27

what are interventions that we can do for vitamin b12 deficiency

Answer 27

increase dietary intake of foods rich in vit b12 admin v b12 injections

Question 28

what are foods rich in vit b12

Answer 28

meat poultry fish shellfish eggs dairy citrus fruits dried beans green leafy veggies liver nuts

Question 29

what can cause folate deficiency anemia

Answer 29

celiac disease crohn's disease small bowel obstruction pregnancy alcoholism

Question 30

in folate anemia RBCs are ______ and ______ shaped

Answer 30

larger shaped and oval shaped

Question 31

RBCs in folate deficiency are larger and oval shaped due to the lack of

Answer 31

folate

Question 32

what is the assessment for a vit b12 deficiency pt

Answer 32

dyspepsia smooth beefy, red tongue pallor, fatigue, weakness tinnitus tachycardia

Question 33

what are the interventions for a pt that has a vit b12 deficiency

Answer 33

diet rich in folic acid admin folic acid

Question 34

what are foods rich in folic acid

Answer 34

dark green leafy veggies beans peanuts sunflower seeds fresh fruit, fruit juice whole grains liver eggs seafood