Myocardial Infarction Flashcards
what is myocardial infarction
when cells begin to necrose and blood flow is interrupted
the longer the vessel is _____ the more ______ the damage is to the heart muscle
occluded
extensive
remember time is _____
muscle
what are s/s of myocardial infarction
sudden onset of chest pain
no response to rest or meds
SOB
dyspnea
tachypnea
N/V
decreased urinary output
cool, clammy, diaphoretic, pale skin
anxiety, restlessness, fear
feeling of impending doom
what nursing care will we do for an MI
bed rest for pt
stool softener
education
why do we give MI pts a stool softener
to reduce strain and stress of having a bm
what do we need to educate our MI pt’s on
diet
caffeine
exercise
smoking cessation
exercise
s/s of recurrent MI
what are goals for a pt w/ an MI
minimize myocardial damage
preserve myocardial function
prevent complications (PTCA, meds)
what is the treatment for an MI (think acronym)
Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates (vasodilation)
Aspirin (antiplatelet)
what are other meds we give to our MI pts (2)
Ace inhibitors
Beta blockers
why do we give MI pts an ace inhibitor
prevents further damage
increase renal perfusion
why do we give MI pts a beta blocker
decrease cardiac output
reduce incidence if further attack
what are the goals of cardiac rehab for MI pts
extend & improve QOL
limit progression of atherosclerosis
return client to work & pre-illness lifestyle
enhance psychosocial & vocational status
prevent another cardiac event
