Anemia

Question 0

Elevated reticulocytes is found in

Answer 0

Hemolytic Anemias

Question 1

Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) is a measure of

Answer 1

blood’s capacity to bind iron with transferrin

The more transferrin produced, the higher the iron binding capacity

Question 2

Values for anemia in men and women

Answer 2

men: Hb<12g/dL

Question 3

MCV (mean cell volume) average, microcytic, and macrocytic values

Answer 3

normocytic: 80-100fL/cell
microcytic: 100

Question 4

How to distinguish Iron Deficiency Anemia and Anemia of Chronic Disease (AOCD)

by looking at: serum ferritin

Answer 4

decreases in IDA

increases in AoCD

Question 5

How to distinguish Iron Deficiency Anemia and Anemia of Chronic Disease (AOCD)

by looking at TIBC

Answer 5

increases in IDA
decreases in AoCD

liver produces more transferrin in IDA to maximize reduced iron stores, whereas it produces less in AoCD to keep iron away from pathogens

Question 6

Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia

Where is iron stored?

Answer 6

Diet, GI tract malabsorption, menstruation (mensis)

iron stored in bone marrow
circulating in serum, it’s called ferritin

Question 7

Anemia of Chronic Disease

cytokine that is increased

Answer 7

IL-1 (pyrogen, inflammation)

Question 8

Hydrops Fetalis
what is it?
What kind of Hb does it produce?
Nongenetic causes?

Answer 8

alpha Thalassemia where all four genes for alpha globins are deleted. Results in death in utero.

produces Bart hemoglobin
Rh disease (autoimmune)

Question 9

what is Cooley’s Anemia?
when does it present?
symptoms?

Answer 9

beta Thalassemia major

hemolytic anemia, jaundice, gallstones
Erythroid Hyperplasia (in the bone marrow of the skull) > crewcut skull, chipmunk face

Question 10

Increased target cells and reticulocytes indicative of

Answer 10

beta Thalassemia Major

Question 11

histologic indicator of sideroblastic anemia

Answer 11

ring sideroblasts (ring of iron around macrophages)

Question 12

How to distinguish Iron Deficiency Anemia and sideroblastic anemia

by looking at serum iron and TIBC

Answer 12

serum iron: increases in sideroblastic and decreases in IDA
TIBC: decreases in sideroblastic and increases in IDA

sideroblastic anemia is adequate iron in marrow, but can’t incorporate into Hb

Question 13

Thalassemia red cell morphology

Answer 13

microcytosis, hypochromia, target cells

Question 14

How to distinguish between beta Thalassemia major and minor

Answer 14

major hemoglobin: F

minor hemoglobin: A2

Question 15

Spherocytosis appears in both ____ and _____

What tests distinguishes between the two?

Answer 15

Warm body autoimmune hemolytic anemia (IgG)

and hereditary Spherocytosis.

Both histologically display spherocytes but only autoimmune hemolytic anemia tests positive for Coomb’s test

Question 16

polychromatophilic erythrocytes are found in what type of anemia?

Answer 16

Hemolytic Anemia

Question 17

Increased urine bilirubin indicates ____

Increased urine urobilinogen indicates ____

Answer 17

Liver failure, thus conjugated (water soluble) bilirubin leaks out of hepatocytes. Dark amber urine.

Hemolytic Anemia: increased unconjugated (insoluble) bilirbin. Results in bilirubinemia, but not uria. Eventually processed by liver into urobilinogen.