Antianginal Agents - General

Question 1

Atheromas

Answer 1

-Fatty tumors in the intima of the heart vessels

Question 2

Atherosclerosis

Answer 2

-Narrowing of the blood vessels

Question 3

Angina pectoris

Answer 3

-“suffocation of the chest”

Question 4

Myocardial infarction

Answer 4

-Cells in the myocardium become necrotic and die

Question 5

Stable angina

Answer 5

-No damage to the heart muscle; basic reflexes surrounding the pain restore blood flow

Question 6

Unstable angina

Answer 6

-Episodes of ischemia occur even when at rest

Question 7

Prinzmetal’s angina

Answer 7

-Caused by spasm of the blood vessels, not just by vessel narrowing

Question 8

Acute myocardial infarction

Answer 8

• If a coronary vessel becomes completely occluded and is unable to deliver blood to the cardiac muscle th area of muscle that depends on that vessel for oxygen becomes ischemic and then necrotic
• Resulting in excruciating pain, nausea

Question 9

Actions of antianginal drugs

Answer 9

• Improve blood delivery to the heart muscle by dilating blood vessels
• Improve blood delivery to the heart muscle by decreasing the work of the heart

Question 10

Considerations for children

Answer 10

• Not commonly found in children
• Congenital heart defects and cardiac surgery- nitroglycerin may be used
• Dosage by age and weight
• Monitor closely

Question 11

Considerations in adults

Answer 11

• Determine and avoid activities that cause angina
• Teach when to seek emergency treatment
• Teach non-pharmacological measures (weight loss, diet, exercise)
• Drugs do cross placenta and enter breastmilk

Question 12

Considerations for older adults

Answer 12

• More likely to experience ADE
• Safety measures for balance and mobility
• Doses should be started lower

Question 13

Types of antianginal drugs

Answer 13

• Nitrates
• Beta-Adrenergic blockers
• Calcium channel blockers