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PHRM > ✅Antibiotic - Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors > Flashcards

✅Antibiotic - Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

Bactericidal antibiotics

A

Mnemonic: Very Finely proficient at murder

Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolone
Penicillin
Aminoglycoside
Metronidazole
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2
Q

Bacteriostatic antibiotics

A

We’re ECSTaTiC about bacteriostatics!

Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimetophrim
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
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3
Q

MOA of beta lactam antibiotics

A

binds to penicillin binding proteins (PBP) in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane

Inhibits the transpeptidation reaction that cross-links the linear peptidolycan chains constituents

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4
Q

Staph aureus exhibits this property against beta lactam antibiotics

A

Enzymatic hydrolysis of beta lactam ring by beta lactamases

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5
Q

Example of beta lactamase inhibitors

A

Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

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6
Q

Penicillin resistance exhibited by MRSA, pneumococci, enterococci

A

structural changes in PBPs

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7
Q

What bacteria exhibits penicillin resistance by changing the porin structures in the outer cell wall impeding access of penicillins to PBP

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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8
Q

Very narrow spectrum penicillin

A

Methicillin

nafcillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin

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9
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillins.

What other infections does this drug treat aside from pseudomonas?

A

“Takes Care of Pseudomonas”

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin

Enterobacter, Klebsiella

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10
Q

Renal tubular reabsorption of penicillin G is inhibited by

A

Probenecid

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11
Q

Which Penicillin is oral? IV?

Pen G or Pen V

A

Pen V -oral (vunganga)

Pen G - IV (inGect)

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12
Q

Methicillin is a very narrow spectrum penicillin used mainly for

A

Staphylococcus infections

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13
Q

Side effect of Nafcillin

A

neutropenia

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14
Q

Which very narrow spectrum penicillin causes Interstitial Nephritis?

A

Methicillin

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15
Q

Common side effect of penicillins

A

Hypersensitivity, GI upset

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16
Q

Ampicillin is known to cause which notable side effect?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis and rash

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17
Q

Which penicillin has greater oral bioavailability

A

Amoxicillin

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18
Q

Describe the antimicrobial coverage of extended spectrum antibiotics?

A

Amoxicillin HELPS kill Enterococci

Haemophilus influenzae
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes
P. mirabilis
Salmonella spp. 
Enterococci
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19
Q

Piperacillin and ampicillin have enhanced effects with ______ and synergistic effects with _______

A

beta lactamase inhibitors

aminoglycosides

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20
Q

Coverage of 1st gen cephalosporins

A

PEKs first

Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella

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21
Q

Which cephalosporins are synergistic with aminoglycosides and which increases nephrotoxicity when combined with them?

A

Increases nephrotoxicity - 1st gen and 2nd gen

Synergistic - 3rd gen

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22
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefadroxil

A

1st

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23
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cephalothin

A

1st

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24
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cephapirin

A

1st

25
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cephradine

A

1st

26
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cephalexin

A

1st

27
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefomandole

A

2nd

28
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefonicid

A

2nd

29
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefprozil

A

2nd

30
Q

Loracarbef is a ?

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

31
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Ceforanide

A

2nd

32
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefoxitin

A

2nd

33
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefmetazole

A

2nd

34
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefotetan

A

2nd

35
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

A

2nd

36
Q

Cefotetan and Cefomandole are unique 2nd gen cephalosporins because they exhibit ____

A

disulfiram reaction

37
Q

Which microbes are covered by 2nd gen cephalosporins?

A

HEN PEKS

Haemophilus influenzae
Enterobacter aeorgenes
Neiserria spp.

Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella
Serratia

38
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefotaxime

A

3rd

39
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Ceftazidime

A

3rd

40
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Ceftizoxime

A

3rd

41
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefixime

A

3rd

42
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefpodoxime proxetil

A

3rd

43
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefdinir

A

3rd

44
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Cefditoren pivoxil

A

3rd

45
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Ceftibuten

A

3rd

46
Q

Which generation of cephalosporin?

Moxalactam

A

3rd

47
Q

3rd gen cephalosporin that exhibits disulfiram reaction

A

cefoperazone

48
Q

Which cephalosporins are antipseudomonal?

A

Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Cefoperazone

49
Q

____ inhibits renal metabolism of Imipinem

A

Cilastatin

50
Q

Monobactam mainly used for gram negative rods (Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Serratia)

A

Aztreonam

51
Q

Aztreonam has no effect on

A

gram positive or anaerobes

52
Q

MOA of Vancomycin

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-ala-D-ala terminus of nascent peptidoglycan

53
Q

How is Red Man syndrome treated?

A

Slow the rate of vancomycin infusion?

54
Q

Antibiotic Drugs of last resort

A

I AM your Last Shot at Victory

Imipenem
Amikacin
Meropenem
Linezolid
Streptogramin
Vancomycin
55
Q

Main side effect of bacitracin

A

Nephrotoxicity (that is why only used topically)

56
Q

MOA of bacitracin

A

Interferes with late stage in cell wall synthesis in Gram + organisms

57
Q

MOA of cycloserine and name another drug with the same MOA

A

Blocks incorporation of D-Ala into the pentapeptide side chain of the peptidoglycan

Vancomycin

58
Q

Bacitracina and cycloserine are 2nd line treatments for

A

XDR-TB

PHRM (14 decks)

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